中学生的求助行为在被欺凌与非自杀性自伤关系中的中介作用  

Mediating Role of Help-Seeking Behavior in Relationship between Being Bullied and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Middle School Students

作　　者：周凡 敖成 胡旺[1] 胡达振 龙纤纤 黄鹏[1,3] ZHOU Fan;AO Cheng;HU Wang;HU Da-zhen;LONG Xian-xian;HUANG Peng(Center for Evidence-based Medicine,School of Public Health,Nanchang University;Grade 2016,School of Public Health,Nanchang University;Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine,Nanchang 330006,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学公共卫生学院循证医学中心,南昌330006 [2]南昌大学公共卫生学院,南昌330006 [3]江西省预防医学重点实验室,南昌330006

出　　处：《南昌大学学报（医学版）》2020年第6期60-65,共6页Journal of Nanchang University：Medical Sciences

基　　金：南昌大学研究生创新专项基金项目(CX2018178);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201910403014)。

摘　　要：目的探讨中学生求助行为在被欺凌与非自杀性自伤(NSSI)关系中的中介作用。方法以南昌市3所中学为研究现场,通过一般情况调查表、渥太华自伤判断条目、Olweus欺凌问卷和中学生求助行为问卷对4434名学生进行调查,并采用SPSS 22.0和PROCESS 3.3软件进行一般数据分析和中介效应检验。结果中学生NSSI检出率为33.3%(1477/4434),且女生高于男生(37.1%比29.6%,P<0.001)。被欺凌与NSSI呈正相关(r=0.356,P<0.01);求助对象中求助家人和求助老师均与NSSI呈负相关(r=-0.176、-0.155,均P<0.01);求助方式中面对面交谈、打电话、通过纸张写信和电子文字信息均与NSSI存在负相关(r=-0.106、-0.047、-0.035、-0.036,均P<0.05)。中学生求助意愿、求助家人、求助老师及以面对面交谈方式求助,在被欺凌与NSSI间存在部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应比例范围为1.75%~6.00%。结论中学生的求助行为在被欺凌和NSSI的关系中具有部分中介作用,在一定程度上可以减少被欺凌者发生NSSI的风险。Objective To explore the mediating role of help-seeking behavior in the relationship between being bullied and non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)in middle school students.Methods Three middle schools in Nanchang were selected as the research sites,and 4434 students were surveyed using the General Situation Questionnaire,Ottawa Self-injury Judgment Entry,Olweus Bullying Questionnaire and Middle School Students’Help-Seeking Behavior Questionnaire.The SPSS 22.0 and PROCESS 3.3 were used for general data analysis and mediation effect test.Results The detection rate of NSSI among middle school students was 33.3%(1477/4434),and that among female students was higher than that among male students(37.1%vs 29.6%,P<0.001).Being bullied was positively correlated with NSSI(r=0.356,P<0.01).Asking for help from family members and teachers were negatively correlated with NSSI(r=-0.176 and-0.155,respectively;P<0.01).Furthermore,face-to-face conversation,phone call,writing letters and electronic messages were negatively related to NSSI(r=-0.106,-0.047,-0.035 and-0.036,respectively;P<0.05).The intention of students to ask for help,seeking help from family members and teachers and face-to-face conversation had some mediating roles in the relationship between being bullied and NSSI.The proportion of mediating effect to the total effect ranged from 1.75%to 6.00%.Conclusion The help-seeking behavior has a partial mediating effect on the relationship between being bullied and NSSI in middle school students,and can reduce the risk of NSSI in bullied students.

关 键 词：中学生 非自杀性自伤 被欺凌 求助 中介效应 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]