水平轴风力机中心涡流动的PIV测试  

PIV TEST OF CENTRAL VORTEX FLOW IN HORIZONTAL AXIS WIND TURBINE

作　　者：张星 陈永艳[1,2] 高志鹰 东雪青[1,2] 张立茹[1,2] 代元军[2,3] Zhang Xing;Chen Yongyan;Gao Zhiying;Dong Xueqing;Zhang Liru;Dai Yuanjun(College of Energy and Power Engineer,Inner Mongolia University of Technology,Hohhot 010051,China;Key Laboratory of Wind and Solar Power Energy Utilization Technology Ministry of Education and Mongolia Construction,Hohhot 010051,China;Department of Electric Power Enginering,Xinjiang Institute of Enginering,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古工业大学能源与动力工程学院,呼和浩特010051 [2]风能太阳能利用技术教育部重点实验室,呼和浩特010051 [3]新疆工程学院电力工程系,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2020年第12期288-296,共9页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51866012;51666014);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金重大项目(2018ZD08);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2017MS0525)。

摘　　要：试验采用光电传感器定位周期采样及粒子图像测速(PIV)技术,对小型水平轴风力机中心涡的运动规律进行初步探索。试验在B1/K2式风洞开口段进行,在风轮叶根后方的不同拍摄窗口内针对不同工况下对风力机中心涡的运动规律进行试验研究。结果表明,风力机中心尾迹区内形成的中心涡,是以旋转方向相反的正负涡成对出现,负涡在上,正涡在下,呈现一排,且一排涡生成的位置,分别位于风轮叶根处后缘点。正、负涡的产生是由于翼型表面的边界层分离,并与叶片根部的攻角很大的关系。随着来流风速、尖速比的增加,涡量值也增大,产生的位置不变;随着方位角的增加,涡量值呈现递减趋势。随着中心尾迹延伸,在2号窗口涡量值大幅递减,从而有力证明了中心涡在轴向方向快速递减的规律。In this study,photoelectric sensor positioning cycle sampling and Particle Image Velocimetry(PIV)technology were used to explore the movement of the cental vortexes of small horizontal axis wind turbines. By means of the experimental method in the open section of B1/K2 wind tunnel,the movement of the central vortex of wind turbines was studied under different working conditions in different shooting windows behind blade roots. The results demonstrated that the central vortexes formed in the wake of the center of wind turbines appears as pairs of positive and negative vortexs in the opposite direction of rotation. The negative vortexes are on the top and the positive vortexes are below which distribut in a straight line. The vortexes are generated at the trailing edge of blade roots,which due to the separation of the boundary layers on the surface of the airfoil and are strongly related to the angle of attack at blade root. With the increase of wind speed and tip velocity ratio,the vorticity increases,but the positions of vortexes are unchanged. With the increase of azimuth,the vorticity decreases gradually. In addition,vorticity decreases sharply in the No.2 window with the central wake extending,which strongly proves that central vortexs decrease rapidly in the axial direction.

关 键 词：风力机 涡流 涡量 PIV技术 水平轴 

分 类 号：TK83[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]