氮、磷和钾肥配施对寒地粳稻生长发育及产量的影响  

Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer combined application on japonica rice growth and yield in cold areas

作　　者：赵宏伟[1] 孙立超 贾琰[1] 俞聪慧 付金旭 赵佳鹏 梅英文 许美荣 罗永绪 王皓 ZHAO Hongwei;SUN Lichao;JIA Yan;YU Conghui;FU Jinxu;ZHAO Jiapeng;MEI Yingwen;XU Meirong;LUO Yongxu;WANG Hao(School of Agriculture,Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement,Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region,Ministry of Education,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学农学院寒地粮食作物种质创新与生理生态教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2020年第12期1-13,共13页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：黑龙江省应用技术与开发计划项目(GA20B101);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300104)。

摘　　要：以东农427为试验材料,通过"3414"最优试验方案,研究氮磷钾肥配施对水稻株高、分蘖、叶面积影响及其与产量及产量构成因素间关系,确定氮磷钾肥最适用量,为黑龙江省寒地粳稻高产高效配套施肥技术制定提供理论依据和技术支持。结果表明,当任意两种肥料施用量为"2"水平时,随另一种肥料施用量增加,水稻株高、分蘖、有效穗数逐渐升高,穗长、一次枝梗数、一次枝梗粒数、二次枝梗数、二次枝梗粒数、穗粒数先升后降,结实率降低,千粒重变化不显著。其中,N2P2K2处理下寒地粳稻产量最高,产量为8616.67 kg·hm^-2(2018年)、8550.00 kg·hm^-2(2019年),较NOPOKO处理分别增加28.29%(2018年)、31.87%(2019年)。N2P2K2处理为东农427最佳肥料施用配比。Dongnong 427 was used as the test material and passed the optimal test scheme of"3414",the effects of N,P and K fertilizer on plant height,tiller and leaf area of rice and their relationship with yield and yield components were studied to determine the optimal application amount of N,P and K fertilizer,so as to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the formulation of japonica rice fertilization technology with high yield and high efficiency in the cold area of Heilongjiang Province.The results showed that when the application amount of any two kinds of fertilizers was"2"level,with the increase of another kind of fertilizer use,rice plant height,tiller and effective panicle number increased,spike length,a branch number,primary branch grain number,the secondary branch number,the secondary branch grain number and grain number rose first and then fell,seed setting rate was reduced,and there were no significant changes in thousand-seed weight.The yield of japonica rice treated with N2 P2 K2 was the highest in the lower cold region,the yield was 8616.67 kg·hm^-2(2018)and8550.00 kg·hm^-2(2019),compared with N0 P0 K0 treatment,the increase was 28.29%(2018),31.87%(2019),respectively.N2 P2 K2 treatment was the best fertilizer ratio for Dongnong 427.

关 键 词：寒地粳稻 肥料配施 生长发育 穗部性状 产量 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]