从“悲恸”到“给予”:威廉·戈尔丁小说中“我”“你”关系的衍变  

From“Grief”to“Give”:On the Evolution of“I”and“You”Relation in William Golding’s Novels

作　　者：肖霞 Xiao Xia(School of Foreign Studies,Jiangsu Normal University,Xuzhou,Jiangsu,221116)

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学外国语学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《语文学刊》2020年第6期76-83,共8页Journal of Language and Literature Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“威廉·戈尔丁小说的伦理批评研究”(15BWW042)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：戈尔丁各部长篇小说中人物个体伦理形象有一个明显的衍变:从深陷“它”之世界,焦虑戒备,疲于审视、占有、攫取、利用,徒劳寻求定位“我”的幸福生活,到辗转无助中试图超越到乌托邦想象中寻找生活意义,在归于虚无的神性世界中谋得安慰,再到最后淡定接受在与人交往的行为过程中创造自身价值,通过爱和奉献与他人互动定义自身,获得在“它”之世界中“你”之瞬时诗意,作者呈现的“人的境况”在人与人的关系方面总体上完成了一个从二战之后的“悲恸”反思到体悟“给予”的个体社会感回归的过程。这种伦理关系视角下,戈尔丁小说中人物形象的衍变趋向呼应了人文学科其他领域时代反思的诸多成果,是小说创作与时代互动的有力例证。For the moral images in William Golding’s novels,there is an apparent evolution from those who are trapped in“It”world,anxiously and precautiously striving in vain for exploring,capturing,usurping and exploiting,to those who try to seize the meaning of life in a transcendence of utopian imagination,and finally to those who could realize a poetic moment of the world of“you”by locating the value of themselves in a relation with the other and defining themselves by dedicated love to the other.This“human condition in the world of today”presented in Golding’s novels reflected on the whole a change from“grief”to“give”.The postwar examination of human nature is replaced by a sense of responsibility to the other and hence makes the evolution of the moral images in Golding’s novels a good example of how literary creations interact with their time,working in concert with the achievements in the exploration of other fields of humanities.

关 键 词：威廉·戈尔丁 悲恸 给予 “我-它” “我-你” 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]