饮用水源微生物快速检测技术的发展及应用  

Development and Application of Microbial Rapid Detection Technology in Drinking Water Sources

作　　者：廖伟 杨蓉 徐建[2] 闫政 金小伟[5] LIAO Wei;YANG Rong;XU Jian;YAN Zheng;JIN Xiaowei(Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization,Ministry of Education,School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;Beijing Water Quality Monitoring Center for South-to-North Water Diversion,Beijing 100093,China;Chinese Society for Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100082,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Environmental Monitoring,China National Environmental Monitoring Centre,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学资源环境与化工学院,鄱阳湖环境与资源利用教育部重点实验室,江西南昌330031 [2]中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [3]北京市南水北调水质监测中心,北京100093 [4]中国环境科学学会,北京100082 [5]中国环境监测总站,国家环境保护环境监测质量控制重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2020年第6期104-112,共9页Environmental Monitoring in China

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07302-001);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41977364);北京市优秀人才培养资助项目。

摘　　要：微生物是威胁饮用水安全的首要问题,水环境微生物快速检测技术的开发和应用是推动饮用水源微生物快速检测和水质安全预警技术发展的保障。随着对水质微生物污染快速检测和准确预警新要求的提出,水环境中微生物在线检测和预警技术得到了越来越多的开发和应用。笔者总结了水环境常见微生物检测方法和技术的发展,重点讨论了饮用水源微生物快速检测技术的发展和应用,根据各项技术的应用和推广使用程度,将其归纳为常用快速检测技术、潜在适用快速检测技术和新型快速检测技术等类别,并详细阐述了一些应用较广的技术,以期为构建水质微生物污染早期预警系统提供参考。Microorganisms are the biggest threat to healthy drinking water,the development and application of rapid microbial detection technology in water environment is the guarantee for the promotion of rapid microbial detection of drinking water sources and the development of water quality safety early warning technology.With the requirements of rapid detection and accurate early warning of microbial contamination in water environment,more and more online detection and early warning technologies have been developed and applied in drinking water sources.In present study,the development of detection methods and technologies for common microorganisms in water environment was summarized,especially the rapid microbial detection technology.They were classified and introduced as available technology,potentially adaptable technology and emerging technology according to the application and popularization of each technology.And the widely used technologies were explained in detail to provide a reference for building early warning system of water quality microbial pollution.

关 键 词：微生物监测 生物传感器 快速检测技术 饮用水源 

分 类 号：X830.2[环境科学与工程—环境工程]