橡胶树乡土树种混交林土壤有效氮季节动态特征  

Analysis of the dynamics of available nitrogen under a mixed mode of rubber intercropping with native trees

作　　者：祁栋灵[1,2] 杨川 李子敏[3] 孙瑞[1] 张先[1] 吴志祥[1] QI Dongling;YANG Chuan;LI Zimin;SUN Rui;ZHANG Xian;WU Zhixiang(Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Danzhou Investigation&Experiment Station of Tropical Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Danzhou,Hainan 571737,China;School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China;Wenchang Rubber Research Institute,Hainan Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences,Wenchang,Hainan 571347,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所/农业农村部儋州热带作物科学观测实验站,海南儋州571737 [2]海南大学生命科学与药学院,海南海口570228 [3]海南省农垦科学院文昌橡胶研究所,海南文昌571347

出　　处：《森林与环境学报》2021年第1期10-17,共8页Journal of Forest and Environment

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目(319MS090);国家天然橡胶产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-34-ZP3)。

摘　　要：探讨橡胶树与乡土树种混交林土壤铵态氮与硝态氮动态变化及其影响因素,为橡胶树人工林土壤可持续管理提供依据。以橡胶树纯林为对照,采用土壤化学分析技术,分别于春季的3月、夏季的6月、秋季的9月和冬季的12月,挖取0~20 cm、20~40 cm的土壤样品,测定和研究分析火力楠、米老排与橡胶树混交模式下土壤铵态氮与硝态氮含量季节动态变化特征。结果表明,橡胶树纯林、橡胶树火力楠混交林、橡胶树米老排混交林土壤中硝态氮和铵态氮含量均存在季节变化特征。橡胶树与乡土树种混交模式下,土壤硝态氮和铵态氮含量均呈现出先升高,然后再降低的趋势,且不同混交模式下该变化趋势基本一致。土壤0~20 cm、20~40 cm中总有效氮均主要由硝态氮组成(>60%),且不随土层深度改变而改变。雨热同季的6、9月,是土壤中硝态氮和铵态氮表现最为活跃期。在橡胶树混交模式年内生长季节期间,土壤硝态氮含量与铵态氮含量呈极显著正相关(r=0.6141),可根据土壤中的硝态氮量预测铵态氮量。气温和降水量显著影响土壤铵态氮含量变化。根据橡胶树人工混交林土壤中有效氮的季节变化特征及其影响因子,针对性制定优化土壤质量抚育和养分资源综合管理措施、改善营林综合效益。In this study,the dynamic changes of soil ammonium-nitrogen and nitrate-nitrogen under the mixed mode of rubber plantation intercropping with native tree species were studied,and the basis for the sustainable management of the soil ecological quality of the rubber plantation was provided.In this study,soil samples were collected from 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm depths in March,June,September,and December,respectively.Soil samples were collected to determine and analyze the changes in soil ammonium-nitrogen and nitrate-nitrogen under the mixed mode of Michelia macclurei,Mytilaria laosensis,and Hevea brasiliensis.The results showed that the concentration of soil nitrate-nitrogen and ammonium-nitrogen initially increased and then decreased under the mixed model of rubber and native tree species,and this change was essentially the same under different mixed modes.The total available nitrogen in the soil mainly consisted of nitrate-nitrogen(>60%),which was always did not change with the depth of the soil layer.The most active periods of nitrate and ammonium nitrogen occurred in June and September,which coincided with high rainfall and heat.There was a significant positive correlation between the soil nitrate-nitrogen concentration and ammonium-nitrogen concentration(r=0.6141)during the rubber mixed model growing season.The amount of ammonium-nitrogen can be predicted by the amount of nitrate-nitrogen in the soil.Air temperature and rainfall significantly affected the soil ammonium-nitrogen concentration.Optimized management measures were formulated according to the seasonal variation of the available nitrogen in the soil of the rubber plantation and its influencing factors,which can improve the comprehensive benefits of afforestation.

关 键 词：橡胶树 铵态氮 硝态氮 相关性 乡土树种 混交林 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]