沉舰、军港与海战场--考古学视野下的北洋海军史  

Warship Wreck,Naval Port and Maritime Battlefield—The History of Northern Fleet from a Perspective of Archaeology

作　　者：姜波[1] JIANG Bo(Institute of Cultural Heritage,Shandong University(Tsingtao),Qingdao Shandong 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学文化遗产研究院,山东青岛250100

出　　处：《自然与文化遗产研究》2020年第7期4-11,共8页Study on Natural and Cultural Heritage

摘　　要：清末北洋海军的建设,堪称大清帝国面对西方列强入侵、试图洋务维新的一次非凡努力。近年来的水下考古与遗产调查工作,为北洋海军史的研究提供了新资料。致远、经远、定远等北洋海军沉舰先后被确认;威海、旅顺、大沽等军港要塞的海防设施,均得到地面考古调查之验证;天津、福州、威海等地的船政设施及水师学堂等遗迹,作为近现代工业遗产亦已开展文物保护与研究工作。考古新成果为笔者从科学与技术层面深入研究北洋海军史提供了珍贵实物资料。与此同时,以马汉的“海军、海防和海权”理念来重新审视北洋海军,也是值得关注的一个研究视角。The Late Qing Empire valued strong navy,and in particularly,saw the Northern Fleet as the last chance to resist the Western powers before its collapse.Recent years witnessed a series of archaeological findings related to the Northern Fleet.In particularly,archaeologists discovered the wrecks of warships Chin Yuen,King Yuen and Ting Yuen;archaeological investigations on the ruins of naval ports such as Weihai,Lvshun(Arthur)and Dagu,and conservation projects to protect the shipyards and navy training grounds established in Tianjin,Fuzhou and Weihai in the late Qing Empire were carried out.These discoveries were followed by scientific and technical research,and will contribute greatly towards understanding the history of the Northern Fleet.

关 键 词：沉舰 军港 海战场 北洋海军 

分 类 号：K854.1[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]