直流电弧等离子体炬电极烧蚀特性分析及实验测量  

Analysis and Experimental Measurement of Ablation Characteristics of DC Arc Plasma Torch Electrode

作　　者：王昭 戴佳 赵星霖 王平阳[1] WANG Zhao;DAI Jia;ZHAO Xinglin;WANG Pingyang(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Space Engine,Shanghai Institute of Space Propulsion,Shanghai 201112,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200240 [2]上海空间发动机工程技术研究中心,上海空间推进研究所,上海201112

出　　处：《上海航天（中英文）》2020年第6期115-119,共5页Aerospace Shanghai（Chinese&English）

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会资助项目(17DZ2280800)。

摘　　要：为研究直流电弧等离子体发生器电极烧蚀特性,进而为其寿命评估提供依据,对直流电弧电极烧蚀特性进行了分析,探究电极烧蚀率的主要影响因素并推导了相关准则数。搭建了电极烧蚀实验系统,对钨电极烧蚀特性进行了实验研究。结果表明:在相同输入功率下,电弧放电过程中阴极与阳极的烧蚀率基本相同且不随时间变化,如2.2 kW时,烧蚀率保持13.88 mg/s不变;在实验功率范围内,电极烧蚀率与输入功率近似呈三次函数关系。利用之前推导的准则数,建立了计算烧蚀率的实验关联式。In order to study the ablation characteristics of the direct current(DC)arc plasma torch electrode and provide a basis for its life evaluation,the ablation characteristics of the DC arc electrode are analyzed,the main influencing factors of the electrode ablation rate are explored,and the relevant criteria are derived. An electrode ablation experiment system is built,and the ablation characteristics of the tungsten electrode are experimentally studied. The results show that at the same input power,the ablation rates of cathode and anode during arc discharge are almost the same and do not change with time. At 2.2 kW,the ablation rate remains unchanged at 13.88 mg/s. The electrode ablation rate is approximately a cubic function of the input power within the experimental power range. Using the previously derived criteria,an experimental correlation for calculating the ablation rate is established.

关 键 词：等离子体 电极寿命 烧蚀 准则数 实验关联式 

分 类 号：O539[理学—等离子体物理]