杂色山雀产卵期回巢行为及节律研究  

Study on the Returning Behavior and Rhythm of Varied Tits During Breeding Period

作　　者：张静 万冬梅[1] 蒋一婷 ZHANG Jing;WAN Dongmei;JIANG Yiting(Laboratory of Animal Resource and Epidemic Disease Prevention,Department of Life Sciences,Liaoning University,Shenyang,110036,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学生命科学院,辽宁省动物资源与疾病防治重点实验室,沈阳110036

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2021年第1期151-156,共6页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31872231);辽宁省教育厅(LQN201907)。

摘　　要：鸟类的繁殖行为和活动对整个种群的发展至关重要,是鸟类行为学研究的热点问题。人们在研究鸟类繁殖行为时大多关注育雏期,往往忽略了产卵期。鸟类产卵是高耗能的过程,研究鸟类产卵期回巢行为及节律,有助于更全面了解鸟类的繁殖策略。本文以杂色山雀(Sittiparus varius)为研究对象,在2019年3—7月对进入产卵期的繁殖巢箱进行监测,记录杂色山雀日回巢频率、停留时长以及衔巢材等情况。结果显示:(1)杂色山雀产卵时间为4:00—5:30,产卵期间有雌鸟夜宿巢箱现象,并观测到鸟类间“情饲”行为。(2)产卵期大多数是只有雌性回巢,雄性极少回巢,双亲回巢次数差异极显著(P=0.000,n=11)。(3)产卵期间雌性对其自身巢花费较多时间及能量投入,雌鸟在上午回巢较频繁,以补巢行为为主,雄性回巢既不补巢也不进入巢箱。(4)雌雄总回巢次数与产首枚卵日期呈显著负相关关系(P=0.011,n=11)。The breeding behaviors of birds are important for population studies and are frequently the subject of bird behavioral research.Most research concentrates on the brooding period while the nesting period is often neglected.However,laying eggs is an energy-consuming process.Studying the behavior and rhythm of birds returning to the nest during the egg-laying period can help to understand bird breeding strategies.We monitored breeding varied tit(Sittiparus varius)from March to July 2019 by study of video records of the frequency of returning,duration in nest,and collection of nesting materials.The results showed that females stayed in the nest overnight and laid eggs during 04:00-05:30 hrs.We also recorded a case of feeding between male and female.During the egg-laying period,only females returned to the nest and males rarely returned to the nest(P=0.000,n=11).Females spent more time and energy on their own nests.Females returned to the nest more frequently in the morning,mainly to lay eggs,while males only visited the nest box.The total number of times male and female visited their nest was negatively related to the date of first egg laying(P=0.011,n=11).

关 键 词：回巢节律 补巢 夜宿 情饲 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]