四种龟消化道黏膜表面形态观察  

Observation on Mucosal Surface Morphology of Digestive Tract of Four Species of Adult Turtles

作　　者：王立霞 徐笑 王蕊[1] 宋昊卓 李伟能 刘洋 刘玉堂[1] WANG Lixia;XU Xiao;WANG Rui;SONG Haozhuo;LI Weineng;LIU Yang;LIU Yutang(Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,150040,China;Harbin Cambridge No.3 Middle School,Harbin,150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学,哈尔滨150040 [2]哈尔滨市剑桥第三中学校,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2021年第1期249-257,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：东北林业大学大学生创新训练项目(201910225191)。

摘　　要：通过实体显微镜及扫描电镜对食性不尽相同的中华花龟、北美拟鳄龟、乌龟和巴西红耳龟的食管、胃、小肠以及大肠黏膜表面形态进行了观察,结果表明4种龟的食管表面均存在5—7条纵行皱襞,通过扫描电镜观察发现食管表面存在许多长而密集的纤毛丛,这在以往龟的相关研究报道中未曾看到,4种龟的胃均存在纵行皱襞,从贲门部至胃体部,再至幽门部,褶皱程度逐渐增大,在4种龟的小肠中均未见以往报道的所谓小肠绒毛,可见4种龟小肠黏膜向肠腔形成一定弯曲程度的纵向平行排列的板状皱襞,其中鳄龟的十二指肠部分的板状皱襞呈现连续不规则“W”字形弯曲,弯曲角度多见接近90°,小肠其他部分纵行皱襞也比其他3种龟皱襞弯曲程度相对明显,4种龟的大肠皱襞浅而不规则,只有鳄龟大肠皱襞相对更明显。本研究结果对脊椎动物消化系统比较研究及小肠形态与食性演化关系研究提供基础资料具有重要意义。The mucosal surface morphology of esophagus,stomach,small intestine and large intestine of Chinese stripe-necked turtle(Mauremys sinensis),common snapping turtle(Chelydra serpentina),Chinese pond turtle(Mauremys reevesii)and red-eared slider(Trachemys scripta elegans)were observed by solid microscope and scanning electron microscope.The results showed 5-7 longitudinal plica on the esophageal surface of all four species.Many long and dense ciliated bundles were found on the surface of esophagus by scanning electron microscopy,which has not been seen in previous studies of turtles.There was a longitudinal plica in the stomach of all four species,and the degree of the plica increased gradually from the cardia to the body of the stomach,then to the pylorus.In the small intestine of all four species,the so-called small intestinal villi were not detected as reported before.It can be seen that the intestinal mucosa of all four species formed longitudinal parallel plate-shaped plica to a certain degree.In common snapping turtle,the plate-shaped plica in the duodenum presented a continuous and irregular“W”shape bending,of which the angle approximated 90°,and the longitudinal plica of the other parts of the small intestine was also more curved than the other three species of turtle plica.The large intestine folds of the four species of turtles were shallow and irregular,and only those of the crocodile turtle are more obvious.

关 键 词：龟 肠黏膜 形态学 食性 

分 类 号：Q954.6[生物学—动物学]