社交媒体对日本政治决策过程的渗透——基于对“#抗议检察厅法修正案”事件的考察  

The Penetrating Impact of Social Media on the Political Decision-making Process in Japan:Based on the Issue of "#Protest against the Amendment of the Law of the Public Prosecutor’s Office"

作　　者：潘妮妮 Pan Nini

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学

出　　处：《日本学刊》2020年第6期109-125,共17页Japanese Studies

摘　　要：2020年5月,社交媒体“推特日本”上发生了一起以“#抗议检察厅法修正案”为主题的政治舆论事件,影响到政府相关政策的走向,反映了社交媒体环境对日本政治决策过程的渗透。这一“渗透”同时表现出日本社交媒体政治舆论的独立性和依附性。“独立性”在于,网络舆论内容偏离了政党的规范议程,其情感导向与传统政治决策过程重视的程序理性导向相冲突;同时,网络舆论的核心推动力量是由多个政治边缘群体或非政治群体组成的临时的松散同盟。“依附性”在于,尽管网络舆论导致了政策的改变,但并不是决策者直接回应网络“民意”,而是网络舆论压力激化了传统政治决策过程中参与群体之间的固有矛盾,临时改变了他们之间的力量分布状况,从而影响到政策走向。这种“渗透”中的独立性和依附性的并存,表明社交媒体环境对日本政治决策过程还未形成结构层面的挑战,但会显著增强政治决策过程中的不确定性。In May 2020,a political public opinion event on social media "Twitter Japan",with the theme of protesting against the amendment of the Law of the Public Prosecutor’s Office,affected the direction of the relevant government policies and reflected the penetrating impact of the social media on the political decision-making process in Japan.That penetrating impact also shows the independence and dependence of the political opinion of Japanese social media,with the independence referring to the fact that the content of network public opinion deviates from the normative agenda of political parties,and its emotional orientation conflicts with the procedural rational orientation attached to the traditional political decision-making process.At the same time,the core driving force of public opinion on the internet is a temporary and loose group formed by multiple marginalized political or non-political groups.Meanwhile,the dependence of the political opinion refers to the fact that although the public opinion on the internet has led to policy changes,it is not the decision-makers who directly respond to the public opinion but the public opinion pressure has intensified the inherent contradictions among the participating groups in the traditional political decision-making process.The coexistence of independence and dependence in indicates that the social media has not yet formed a structural challenge to the political decision-making process in Japan,however,it will significantly enhance the uncertainty in the political decisionmaking process.

关 键 词：#抗议检察厅法修正案 社交媒体 政治决策过程 政治渗透 

分 类 号：D731.3[政治法律—政治学]