核辐射综合屏蔽材料的研究进展及发展趋势  

Research Progress and Development Trend of Combined Shielding Materials for Nuclear Radiation

作　　者：曾小义 黎泽伟 ZENG Xiao-yi;LI Ze-wei(School of Power Engineering,Chongqing Electric Power College,Chongqing 400030,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;China Resources Power Holdings Co.,Ltd.,Yichang 443000,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆电力高等专科学校动力工程学院,重庆400030 [2]四川大学材料科学与工程学院,成都610065 [3]华润电力(宜昌)有限公司,宜昌443000

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2020年第35期14352-14358,共7页Science Technology and Engineering

摘　　要：核屏蔽实质是屏蔽γ射线和中子。介绍γ射线和中子屏蔽材料目前的种类和性能,探讨现有γ射线和中子屏蔽材料存在的主要问题,分析各种屏蔽材料的屏蔽性能与不足之处,指出亟待解决的4个主要矛盾(综合屏蔽性能、力学性能、耐热性能及环保性能)。最后,展望了未来核辐射屏蔽材料的发展趋势,提出随着反应堆技术的发展,功能/结构一体化屏蔽材料已成发展趋势,指明稀土材料在防辐射屏蔽材料方面的应用应作为进一步研究的重点。The essence of nuclear shielding is to shield gamma rays and neutrons from leaking.In this paper the types and properties of shielding materials against gamma ray and neutron are introduced in detail,the main problems existing in the existing shielding materials for gamma rays and neutrons are discussed,the shielding properties and deficiencies of various shielding materials are analyzed,and four main issues to be addressed urgently(comprehensive shielding performance,mechanical property,heat resistance performance,and environmental protection performance)were pointed out.Finally,the development trend of nuclear radiation shielding materials in the future is prospected.It is pointed out that with the development of reactor technology,functional/structural integrated shielding materials have become the development trend.In addition,the application of rare earth materials in radiation shielding materials should be the focus of further research.

关 键 词：核辐射 屏蔽材料 有机复合材料 含硼不锈钢 稀土 

分 类 号：TL344[核科学技术—核技术及应用] TL7