BNS和BNS366小麦雄性不育与内源激素的关系  

Relationship Between Phytohormones and Male Sterility of BNS and BNS366 in Wheat

作　　者：刘海英[1] 冯必得 茹振钢 陈向东[2] 黄培新[1] 邢晨涛 潘茵茵 甄俊琦 LIU HaiYing;FENG BiDe;RU ZhenGang;CHEN XiangDong;HUANG PeiXin;XING ChenTao;PAN YinYin;ZHEN JunQi(College of Life Sciences,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang 453007,Henan;Center of Wheat Research,Henan Institute of Science and Technology,Xinxiang 453003,Henan)

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学生命科学学院,河南新乡453007 [2]河南科技学院小麦中心,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2021年第1期1-18,共18页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0101602);河南省自然科学基金(182300410095)

摘　　要：【目的】研究BNS和BNS366小麦雄性不育与小孢子发生过程中内源激素含量变化的关系,为激素调控温光敏雄性不育小麦花粉育性提供理论依据。【方法】选用BNS和BNS366为试验材料,分别以矮抗58和郑麦366(BNS366的近等基因系)为对照,进行正常秋季播种(2018年10月10日)和晚播(2018年12月2日)试验,用I2-KI法测定花粉育性,用国内法和国际法测定自交结实率,采用间接酶联免疫法测定雌雄蕊原基分化期-三核期叶片、雌雄蕊原基分化期-四分体期幼穗和单核中位期-三核期花药中6种内源激素的含量。【结果】在正常秋季播种条件下,BNS和BNS366花粉可育率、国内法自交结实率和国际法自交结实率均为零,达到全不育水平,在晚播条件下,BNS的这三个指标分别为34.74%、43.12%和48.48%,达到低不育水平,BNS366则分别为92.63%、55.37%和67.94%,达到正常可育水平,播种期间差异均达到极显著水平;矮抗58和郑麦366在2种播期条件下,则为82.56%—94.00%、73.90%—82.31%和96.54%—139.26%,均为正常可育,播种期间差异不显著;BNS和BNS366花粉可育率-Δ(正常秋季播种条件下比晚播条件下花粉可育率提高百分率)均分别极显著低于矮抗58和郑麦366。分别在2个试验组内进行内源激素含量的多重比较,BNS和BNS366与矮抗58和郑麦366内源激素含量-Δ(正常秋季播种条件下比晚播条件下激素含量提高百分率)存在差异,对内源激素含量与花粉可育率、内源激素含量-Δ与花粉可育率-Δ进行了相关性分析,发现BNS和BNS366不育株在小麦幼穗发育过程中激素含量存在特征性变化。生长素(indole-3-acetic acid,IAA)含量在四分体期(BNS)和雌雄蕊原基分化期(BNS366)叶片中不足,在单核中位期(BNS)和单核靠边期(BNS366)花药中不足,在二核期花药中盈余;赤霉素(gibberellic acid,GA)含量在四分体期幼穗和单核中位期花药中不足;玉米素核苷(zeatin riboside,ZR)含量在【Objective】In order to provide more information about pollen fertility regulation in thermo-photo-sensitive genic male sterile(TGMS)wheat BNS and BNS366,the relationship between male sterility and the changes of endogenous hormones during microsporogenesis was analyzed.【Method】BNS and BNS366 were used as experimental materials,and Aikang58 and Zhengmai366(Near-isogenic line of BNS366)were used as controls,respectively.Four different types of wheats were sowed at October 10th(normal sowing)and December 2nd(late sowing).I2-KI method was used to measure the frequency of fertile pollen grains.National and international methods were used to determine self-seeds rate.Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays(ELISA)method was used to detect 6 kinds of endogenous hormone contents in leaves from the pistil and stamen differentiation stage to the trinuclear stage,young panicles from the pistil and stamen differentiation stage to the tetrad stage and anthers from the uninucleate stage with small-vacuole to the trinuclear stage.【Result】Under normal sowing conditions,the frequency of fertile pollen grains,the national and international rate of self-seeds in both BNS and BNS366 wheats were zero that were completely male sterility,while under late sowing conditions,the three indexes were 34.74%,43.12%and 48.48%in BNS that was partial male sterility,as well as 92.63%,55.37%and 67.94%in BNS366 that was normal fertility.However,the three indexes in Aikang58 and Zhengmai366 wheats under normal and late sowing conditions were 82.56%-94.00%,73.90%-82.31%and 96.54%-139.26%,respectively,that were normal fertility and no significant difference were found between the two sowing conditions.Moreover,the increased frequency of fertile pollen grains-Δ[(frequency under normal conditions-frequency under late sowing conditions)×100%/frequency under late sowing conditions]in BNS and BNS366 were lower than those in Aikang58 and Zhengmai366.Multiple comparisons of the hormone’s levels were carried out in the two experiment groups

关 键 词：普通小麦(Triticum aestivum L.) 温光敏雄性不育 内源激素 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]