侧柏叶“炒炭存性”科学内涵初探  

Primary study on scientific connotation “carbonizing retains characteristics” of Platycladi Cacumen

作　　者：石典花[1,2] 戴衍朋[1] 苏本正[1] 孙立立[1] 张学兰[2] 张军[1] SHI Dian-hua;DAI Yan-peng;SU Ben-zheng;SUN Li-li;ZHANG Xue-lan;ZHANG Jun(Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250014,China;Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250355,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省中医药研究院,山东济南250014 [2]山东中医药大学,山东济南250355

出　　处：《中草药》2020年第23期5963-5971,共9页Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs

基　　金：全国中药特色技术传承人才培训项目(2019);科技基础性工作专项分项目(2014FY111100);国家中医药管理局中药炮制技术传承基地建设项目;山东省中医药科技发展计划(2015-173);山东省中医药科技发展计划(2017-130);山东省职业教育技艺技能传承创新平台项目(201712)。

摘　　要：目的对侧柏叶"炒炭存性"科学内涵进行探讨。方法采用HPLC特征图谱法对侧柏叶和不同炒制程度侧柏炭化学成分进行比较研究,并对色谱峰进行归属;采用体外止血和抑制斑马鱼脑出血实验对侧柏叶、不同炒制程度侧柏炭及炒炭前后特征变化成分进行止血药效比较研究。结果不同炒炭程度对侧柏叶化学成分的影响不一,炒炭适中时侧柏叶原有杨梅苷、槲皮苷、异槲皮苷、穗花杉双黄酮、扁柏双黄酮等黄酮类成分炒炭后明显降低了,新产生的槲皮素和山柰酚量较高。体外止血实验表明,与空白组相比炒适中炭的活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)和纤维蛋白原(FIB)均具极显著性差异(P<0.01),凝血酶时间(TT)具显著性差异(P<0.05),质量浓度为50μg/m L的炒适中炭即具有明显抑制斑马鱼脑出血作用(P<0.01),且止血作用的增强与炒炭后新产生的槲皮素和山柰酚明显相关。结论侧柏叶炒炭后化学成分发生了明显的变化,增强了止血药效作用,且两者均与炮制程度相关,研究结果初步解析了炭药传统炮制要求"炒炭存性"的科学内涵,为炭药传统炮制理论研究提供了一定的思路。Objective To study the scientific connotation "carbonizing retains characteristics" of Platycladi Cacumen(PC). Methods Chemical constituents of PC and Platycladi Cacumen Carbonisata(PCC) of different carbonizing degree were compared by HPLC characteristic chromatogram, and the chromatographic peaks were assigned;PC and PCC of different carbonizing degree and the characteristic components changed before and after being carbonized were used to compare the impact to hemostasis in vitro and inhibition of zebrafish cerebral hemorrhage. Results Chemical compositions of PC were affected by different carbonizing degree, when carbonizing degree is moderate, the content of myricitrin, quercitroside, isoquercitroside, amentoflavone and hinokiflavone original in PC were significantly reduced and the amount of quercetin and kaempferol which were newly produced were higher. In vitro hemostatic experiments showed that compared with the blank group, the APTT and FIB of PC which was carbonized moderately were significantly different(P < 0.01) and TT was significantly different(P < 0.05). It also had obvious inhibition effect on zebrafish cerebral hemorrhage when the concentration of PC carbonized moderately was 50 μg/mL(P < 0.01). The enhanced hemostasis was significantly related to newly produced compositions quercetin and kaempferol. Conclusion Chemical compositions of PC changed significantly after being carbonized and the hemostatic effect was enhanced,which were related to the processing degree. The scientific connotation and traditional processing requirements of "carbonizing retains characteristics" was preliminarily analyzed when the carbon medicine was processed by this study, which provides a certain idea for the research on traditional processing theory of carbon medicine.

关 键 词：侧柏叶 侧柏炭 炒炭存性 科学内涵 止血作用 杨梅苷 槲皮苷 异槲皮苷 穗花杉双黄酮 扁柏双黄酮 槲皮素 山柰酚 

分 类 号：R283.6[医药卫生—中药学]