合肥市TSP和PM2.5中^7Be和^210Pb浓度及变化研究  

Study on concentrations and changes of ^7Be and ^210Pb in TSP and PM2.5 in Hefei

作　　者：杜勤 顾先宝 陈志[2] 何旭 梅宇 於国兵 DU Qin;GU Xianbao;CHEN Zhi;HE Xu;MEI Yu;YU Guobing(Anhui Environmental Radiation Supervision Station,Hefei 230071 China;University of Science and Technology of China;Shanghai Changning District Environmental Monitoring Station)

机构地区：[1]安徽省辐射环境监督站,安徽合肥230071 [2]中国科学技术大学 [3]上海市长宁区环境监测站

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2020年第5期510-514,共5页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

摘　　要：目的研究合肥市TSP和PM2.5颗粒物中天然放射性核素^7Be和^210Pb浓度的年度变化情况及其与颗粒物质量的关系。方法通过大流量气溶胶采样器和PM2.5粒径切割器采集合肥市一年中各月份同时段的TSP和PM2.5样品,使用超低本底高纯锗谱仪对样品中放射性核素^7Be和^210Pb的活度进行测量。结果研究结果表明:TSP样品中^7Be和^210Pb的活度浓度年均值分别为(5.34±1.48)mBq/m^3和(1.66±0.84)mBq/m^3,PM2.5样品中^7Be和^210Pb的活度浓度年均值分别为(4.32±1.23)mBq/m^3和(1.35±0.68)mBq/m^3;PM2.5与TSP中^7Be的活度浓度月均值比值范围为0.59~0.99,PM2.5与TSP中^210Pb的活度浓度月均值比值范围为0.61~0.94;TSP和PM2.5中^7Be和^210Pb的活度浓度的年度变化趋势均与颗粒物质量的年度变化趋势基本一致,呈现冬春季节高,而夏秋季节相对较低,但是TSP和PM2.5中^7Be和^210Pb的比活度均与颗粒物质量均无明显的相关性。结论合肥市TSP和PM2.5颗粒物中^7Be和^210Pb的活度浓度主要取决于颗粒物质量,并且大气颗粒物中^7Be和^210Pb主要分布于PM2.5中,因此,在评估大气中放射性颗粒物对人体造成的危害时应主要考虑PM2.5中的放射性核素的贡献。Objective This study focuses on the annual variation of the concentration of radionuclides ^7Be and ^210Pb in TSP and PM2.5 in Hefei and relationship between activity concentration and mass concentration of particle matter.Methods TSP and PM2.5 samples of the same period of each month in Hefei were collected by large-flow aerosol sampler and PM2.5 particle size cutter,respectively.The activity concentrations of ^7Be and ^210Pb in samples were measured by the ultra-low background HPGe spectrometer.Results The results showed that the annual averaged values of the activity concentrations of ^7Be and ^210Pb in TSP samples were(5.34±1.48)mBq/m^3 and(1.66±0.84)mBq/m^3,respectively.The annual averaged values of the activity concentrations of ^7Be and ^210Pb in PM2.5 samples were(4.32±1.23)mBq/m^3 and(1.35±0.68)mBq/m^3,respectively.The ratio of the monthly averaged value of the activity concentrations of ^7Be and ^210Pb in PM2.5 and TSP ranged from 0.59 to 0.99,and 0.61 to 0.94,respectively;The annual variation trends of ^7Be and ^210Pb activity concentrations in TSP and PM2.5 were basically consistent with the annual variation trend of mass concentration of particulate matter,showing high in winter and spring seasons and relatively low in summer and autumn seasons.However,the specific activities of ^7Be and ^210Pb in TSP and PM2.5 had no significant correlation with the mass concentration of particulate matter.Conclusion The activity concentrations of ^7Be and ^210Pb in the TSP and PM2.5 in Hefei mainly depend on mass concentration of particle matter,and the ^7Be and ^210Pb in the atmospheric particulate matter are mainly distributed in PM2.5.Therefore,further study should mainly consider the contribution of radioactive particles in PM2.5 when assessing the hazards of radioactive particulate matter in the atmosphere to humans.

关 键 词：TSP PM2.5 ^7Be ^210PB 高纯锗谱仪 

分 类 号：X591[环境科学与工程—环境工程]