延吉市大气颗粒物中重金属的分布特征和风险评价  

Distribution characteristics and risk assessment of heavy metals in air particulates in Yanji City

作　　者：扈孟楠 金光洙[2] 王爽[1] 姚镇 权跃[2] 全红梅 HU Mengnan;JIN Guangzhu;WANG Shuang;YAO Zhen;QUAN Yue;QUAN Hongmei(Agricultural College of Yanbian UniversityYanji Jilin 133002,China;School of Geography and Marine Science,Yanbian UniversityYanji Jilin 133002,China;School of Science,Yanbian University,Yanji Jilin 133002,China)

机构地区：[1]延边大学农学院,吉林延吉133002 [2]延边大学地理与海洋科学学院,吉林延吉133002 [3]延边大学理学院,吉林延吉133002

出　　处：《延边大学农学学报》2020年第4期50-57,共8页Agricultural Science Journal of Yanbian University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21966031)。

摘　　要：通过调查延吉市2015—2017年大气颗粒物中16种重金属的浓度水平,探讨了延吉市大气颗粒物中重金属随季节变化的特征、来源以及健康风险。结果表明:延吉市大气颗粒物中重金属含量的大小依次为钡>锌>铅>锰>砷>铜>铬>镍>钒>锑>钴>镉>铊>钼>硒≈银。其中,浓度较高的有害重金属为铅、砷、铜、铬。与我国大气环境质量标准相比,砷和铬的浓度高于标准,其他元素浓度都在标准以下。铅、铊、镉、硒、银、锑的浓度在采暖期增高,表明燃煤取暖对部分重金属浓度有影响。主成分分析表明:延吉市大气中一些重金属浓度存在季节性差异,潜在的来源为化石燃料燃烧、其他人为源以及环境背景浓度。该研究采用健康生态风险评价模型,分别针对成人和儿童,计算了延吉市大气颗粒物中重金属在不同途径下的非致癌风险和致癌风险,结果表明:手—口摄入和皮肤接触所造成的总致癌风险极低,可忽略不计,呼吸吸入也不会对人体健康产生致癌风险。该研究结果对于延吉市大气污染防治具有一定的借鉴意义。We investigated the concentrations of 16 heavy metals in atmospheric particulates from 2015 to 2017 in Yanji City,and discussed the characteristics,sources,and environmental risks and health risks of heavy metals in atmospheric particulates with seasonal changes.Results showed that the contents of heavy metals in atmospheric particulates in Yanji city were Ba>Zn>Pb>Mn>As>Cu>Cr>Ni>V>Sb>Co>Cd>Ti>Mo>Se≈Ag,respectively.The higher concentrations of harmful heavy metals were Pb,As,Cu,Cr.Compared with China ambient air quality standards,levels of most heavy metals are lower than the relevant air quality standards except for As and Cr.Higher concentrations of Pb,Ti,Cd,Se,Ag and Sb were observed during the heating period,indicating the influence of anthropogenic pollution sources during the heating period.Principal component analysis showed seasonal variations of partial heavy metals in air particulate of Yanji City,and potential sources could be divided into anthropogenic sources,fossil fuel combustion,and environmental background concentrations.Healthy ecological risk evaluation model was used for adults and children,and calculated the Yanji heavy metals in atmospheric particles under different ways of the risk of cancer and the risk of non-cancer,the results showed that hand-mouth intake and skin contact caused by the total carcinogenic risk were extremely low and negligible,respiratory inhalation also wouldn't produce the risk of cancer to human body health.The research results have reference significance for the prevention and control of air pollution in Yanji City.

关 键 词：大气颗粒物 重金属 延吉市 风险评价 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]