陈述性“把”字句和祈使性“把”字句的分野——从“把”后NP的有定性谈起  

The Declarative"Ba"Sentence and The Imperative"Ba"Sentence

作　　者：邵洪亮[1] 何晓璐 SHAO Hong-liang;HE Xiao-lu(School of Chinese Studies and Exchange,Shanghai International Studies University,Shanghai,200083)

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学国际文化交流学院,上海200083

出　　处：《新疆大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第1期124-131,共8页Journal of Xinjiang University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“互动语言学视野下的汉语语气成分的功能与兼容模式”(16BYY133)。

摘　　要：关于“把”字句中“把”后NP的有定性问题在学界争论已久且尚无定论。文章着眼于句子的交际功能,将“把”字句分为陈述性“把”字句和祈使性“把”字句两类。考察发现,二者在“把”后NP的有定性上存在明显差异:陈述性“把”字句强调已然的处置结果,重在叙事,与有定NP和无定NP均可兼容,而祈使性“把”字句强调未然的处置目的,重在施为,只能与有定NP兼容,不能与无定NP兼容。此外,两类“把”字句的“把”后NP还存在其他方面的一些细微区别。Researchers have debated on the definiteness of the NP after"Ba"over the years,but so far the results have been inconclusive.This paper focused on the communicative functions of sentences and divided"Ba"sentences into the declarative"Ba"sentence and the imperative"Ba"sentence.Declarative"Ba"sentence is compatible with both definite and indefinite NP because it emphasizes the result of disposal while imperative"Ba"sentence is only compatible with definite NP because it highlights the purpose of disposal.Furthermore,some other nuances also exist in the use of NP between the two kinds of"Ba"sentences.

关 键 词：祈使句 陈述句 “把”字句 “把”后NP NP的有定性 

分 类 号：H04[语言文字—语言学]