冲击载荷下永磁式电涡流减振器设计及动态特性分析  

Design and dynamic characteristics analysis of permanent magnet eddy current shock absorber under impact load

作　　者：张超 韩晓明[1] 李强[1] 李池 ZHANG Chao;HAN Xiao-ming;LI Qiang;LI Chi(College of Mechatronics Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学机电工程学院,山西太原030051

出　　处：《工程设计学报》2020年第6期786-794,共9页Chinese Journal of Engineering Design

基　　金：装备预研领域基金资助项目(6140240040106)。

摘　　要：为研究轮式车辆的电涡流减振器在行进间冲击载荷下的动态特性,结合电涡流理论设计了一种永磁式电涡流减振器,并基于等效磁路模型和麦克斯韦方程分析了其导体筒表面空气间隙处磁感应强度与阻尼力之间的关系;同时,利用有限元法对永磁式电涡流减振器的静、动态磁场分布进行了研究,并分析了不同结构参数对其阻尼特性的影响及不同运动速度下的示功特性曲线。通过建立1/4车辆悬架动力学模型和基于高斯滤波白噪声的随机路面激励模型,对车辆行进间冲击载荷下永磁式电涡流减振器的动态特性进行了分析。结果表明:永磁式电涡流减振器的磁场在动态条件下会发生退磁以及磁感线趋速聚集现象,各结构参数对其阻尼特性的影响较大;永磁式电涡流减振器的响应速度快,压缩、复原阻尼力恒定且平稳,可以高效、快速地消除轮式车辆越野时受到的路面激励和车载武器射击时的冲击载荷,能够有效抑制车体振动。研究结果对提高轮式车辆的越野机动性以及车载武器的射击精度具有重要意义。In order to study the dynamic characteristics of eddy current shock absorbers of wheeled vehicles under the impact load during travel,a permanent magnet eddy current shock absorber is designed based on the eddy current theory.Based on the equivalent magnetic circuit model and Maxwell’s equations,the relationship between the magnetic induction intensity at the air gap on the surface of the conductor tube and the damping force was analyzed.At the same time,the static and dynamic magnetic field distribution of the permanent magnet eddy current shock absorber was studied by using the finite element method,and the influence of various structural parameters on its damping characteristics and the indicator characteristic curves under different moving speeds were analyzed.By establishing a 1/4 vehicle suspension dynamics model and a random road excitation model based on Gaussian filtered white noise,the dynamic characteristics of the permanent magnet eddy current shock absorber under the impact load during travel were analyzed.The results showed that the demagnetization and speed accumulation of magnetic induction lines would occur in the magnetic field of permanent magnet eddy current shock absorber under the dynamic conditions,and the structural parameters had a great influence on the damping characteristics.The permanent magnet eddy current shock absorber had fast response speed,constant and stable compression and recovery damping force,which could efficiently and quickly eliminate the road surface excitation of wheeled vehicles when off-road and the impact load of vehicle-mounted weapons when shooting,and could effectively suppress vehicle body vibration.The research results are of great significance for improving the off-road mobility of wheeled vehicles and the shooting accuracy of vehicle-mounted weapons.

关 键 词：轮式车辆 电涡流减振器 冲击载荷 动态特性 

分 类 号：U463.335.1[机械工程—车辆工程]