2005年-2018年长兴县农药中毒流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of pesticide poisoning in Changxing County from 2005 to 2018

作　　者：闫福[1,2] 施长苗 许辉[1] 罗康[1] 李胜 YAN Fu;SHI Chang-miao;XU Hui;LUO Kang;LI Sheng(Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Changxing County,Changxing,Zhejiang 313100,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]长兴县疾病预防控制中心,浙江长兴313100 [2]浙江省现场流行病学培训项目,浙江杭州310051

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2020年第24期3046-3049,3054,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的分析长兴县2005年-2018年农药中毒的情况,为防治农药中毒提供基础依据。方法通过"职业病与职业卫生监测信息系统",收集长兴县2005年-2018年的农药中毒报告卡,使用Excel 2007整理原始数据,运用SPSS软件21.0版本进行统计分析。结果 2005年-2018年累计报告病例1 663例,生产性中毒395例,非生产性中毒1 268例,死亡病例50例,死亡率为3.01%。生产性中毒以男性为主;非生产性中毒中,女性中毒人数多于男性,男女之间的差异有统计学意义(χ2=12.42,P <0.001)。自服农药中毒女性平均年龄小于男性,两者年龄差异有统计学意义(t=4.39,P <0.001)。在35岁~44岁年龄组,自服农药导致的中毒人数最多。在≥65岁的人群中,因农药中毒导致死亡的人数最多;农药中毒集中发生在第三季度;主要区域是和平镇、雉城街道、泗安镇、林城镇。导致中毒的农药主要为杀虫剂和除草剂,其中杀虫剂中毒1 237例,除草剂中毒292例。结论农药中毒的主要类型是非生产性中毒,导致中毒的农药以杀虫剂为主,集中发生在第三季度。农业、卫生等职能部门应该加强管理,开展健康教育和心理干预,防控自服农药的发生。Objective The situation of pesticide poisoning in Changxing County from 2005 to 2018 was analyzed to provide basic basis for the prevention and control of pesticide poisoning.Methods Through the Occupational Disease and Occupational Health Monitoring Information System,the report cards of pesticide poisoning in Changxing County from 2005 to 2018 were collected,the original data were sorted out by Excel 2007,and the SPSS 21.0 version was used for statistical analysis.Results From 2005 to 2018,a total of 1 663 cases were reported,including 395 cases of productive poisoning and 1 268 cases of non-productive poisoning,with 50 cases of death and a mortality rate of 3.01%.Male was dominant in the field of productive intoxication and female was more than male in the field of non-productive intoxication,with the difference statistically significant between male and female(χ^2= 12.42,P < 0.001).The average age of women with self-administered pesticide poisoning was lower than that of men,and the difference in age between the two groups was statistically significant( t = 4.39,P < 0.001).In the 35-44 age group,self-administration of pesticides caused the largest number of poisoning.Pesticide poisoning causes the highest number of deaths among people aged 65 or older.Pesticide poisoning occurred in the third quarter.The main areas are Heping Town,Zhicheng Street,Si’an Town,and Lincheng Town.Pesticides and herbicides were the main causes of poisoning,with 1 237 cases of pesticide poisoning and 292 cases of herbicide poisoning.Conclusion The main types of pesticide poisoning are non-productive poisoning,mainly occurring in the third quarter.Agriculture,health and other functional departments should strengthen management,carry out health education and psychological intervention to prevent and control the occurrence of self-administered pesticides.

关 键 词：有机磷农药 农药中毒 非生产性中毒 杀虫剂 流行病学 

分 类 号：R459.7[医药卫生—急诊医学]