水生植物对不同形态氮素污水的生理响应及相应脱氮效率  

The physiological response of aquatic plants to sewage with different forms of nitrogen and the corresponding nitrogen removal efficiency

作　　者：陈丹艳 周威 段婧婧[2] 薛利红[2] 冯彦房[2] HEN Dan-yan;ZHOU Wei;DUAN Jing-jing;XUE Li-hong;FENG Yan-fang(College of Horticulture,Jinling Institute of Technology,Nanjing 210038,China;Key laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]金陵科技学院园艺园林学院,江苏南京210038 [2]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,农业农村部长江下游平原农业环境重点实验室,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2020年第6期1468-1474,共7页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07203-003、2017ZX07202004-003);江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(18)1005];江苏省科技计划重点研发(现代农业)项目(BE2019378);金陵科技学院高层次人才科研启动项目(jit-b-201914)

摘　　要：为了探究黄花水龙(Jussiaea stipulacea Ohwi)和铜钱草(Hydrocotyle verticillata)在不同形态氮素污水中的抗逆性和适应性,开展了水箱模拟试验,模拟农田径流污水[总氮(TN)质量浓度为8 mg/L,总磷(TP)质量浓度为1 mg/L],研究这2种水生植物对污水中TN、NO-3-N、NH+4-N的净化能力及其抗性生理响应,设置2种形态氮素:以NO-3-N为主(NO-3-N∶NH+4-N=4∶1)和以NH+4-N为主(NH+4-N∶NO-3-N=4∶1)。结果表明:(1)在2种形态氮素下2种水生植物处理对氮素去除率明显高于无水生植物的对照,其中黄花水龙对氮素去除率较高,在高NO-3-N和高NH+4-N形态下对TN的去除率分别为48%~69%和69%~91%;(2)对不同形态氮素污水,2种水生植物处理对NO-3-N的去除效果均高于NH+4-N,其中黄花水龙在高NO-3-N和高NH+4-N形态下对NO-3-N的去除率分别高达58%~66%和79%~91%,而对NH+4-N的去除率仅为-65%~25%和21%~62%;(3)夏季试验期间,高质量浓度氮素增加了黄花水龙和铜钱草的氧化胁迫作用,2种水生植物通过调节体内抗氧化酶机制来响应。铜钱草体内的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性在不同形态氮素下除第1周外均高于黄花水龙,表明在外界高质量浓度氮条件下,铜钱草受到了较大的胁迫;高NO-3-N形态下黄花水龙的蛋白质和叶绿素含量在试验过程中均高于铜钱草,表明在高硝氮污水胁迫下黄花水龙耐受性更好。In order to explore the stress resistance and adaptability of Jussiaea stipulacea Ohwi and Hydrocotyle verticillata in sewage with different forms of nitrogen,a water tank experiment was carried out.Using simulated farmland runoff wastewater(the mass concentration of total nitrogen was 8 mg/L,the mass concentration of total phosphorus was 1 mg/L),two forms of nitrogen were set:mainly NO-3-N(NO-3-N∶NH+4-N=4∶1)and NH+4-N(NH+4-N∶NO-3-N=4∶1),to study the purification ability of these two aquatic plants to TN,NO-3-N and NH+4-N in sewage and its resistance physiological response.The results showed that under the two forms of nitrogen,the nitrogen removal rates in the two aquatic plants treatments were significantly higher than those in the control,and the nitrogen removal rate of Jussiaea stipulacea Ohwi was the highest,and the removal rates of TN were 48%-69%and 69%-91%under high NO-3-N and high NH+4-N conditions,respectively.In wastewater with different forms of nitrogen,the removal efficiency of NO-3-N in two aquatic plants treatments was higher than that of NH+4-N.The NO-3-N removal rates of Jussiaea stipulacea Ohwi were 58%-66%and 79%-91%under the conditions of high NO-3-N and high NH+4-N,respectively,while the removal rates of NH+4-N were-65%-25%and 21%-62%,respectively.The high concentration of nitrogen increased the oxidative stress of Jussiaea stipulacea Ohwi and Hydrocotyle verticillata.The two aquatic plants responded to the stress by regulating the antioxidant enzyme mechanism.The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD)in Hydrocotyle verticillata were higher than those in Jussiaea stipulacea Ohwi in each cycle except the first week,indicating that under high nitrogen conditions,Hydrocotyle verticillata was under greater stress.Under the conditions of high NO-3-N,the contents of protein and chlorophyll in Jussiaea stipulacea Ohwi were higher than those in Hydrocotyle verticillata during the experiment,indicating that the Jussiaea stipulacea Ohwi was more tolerant under high nitrate

关 键 词：黄花水龙 铜钱草 氮素形态 生理响应 抗氧化酶 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]