新冠肺炎疫情期间护理人员创伤后应激障碍影响因素研究  

Study on the influencing factors of post-traumatic stress disorder for nurses during COVID-19 epidemic

作　　者：胡曼曼 周英[1] 杨从艳[1] 李慧[1] HU Man-man;ZHOU Ying;YANG Cong-yan;LI Hui(The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College,Anhui,Bengbu,233000)

机构地区：[1]蚌埠医学院第一附属医院,安徽蚌埠233000

出　　处：《赣南医学院学报》2020年第11期1107-1111,共5页JOURNAL OF GANNAN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

摘　　要：目的:通过对新冠肺炎疫情期间护理人员心理反应情况进行调查,了解创伤后应激障碍阳性验出率,分析其影响因素,为后期心理干预的实施提供科学依据。方法:采用一般资料调查问卷、心理反应问卷及创伤后应激障碍问卷(修订版事件影响量表)对某三级甲等医院护理人员进行调查。结果:有效问卷749份,有效率97.78%;对于新冠肺炎疫情的负面消息,“按消息警示去做”330人(44.06%)、“立刻删除”93人(12.42%);绝大多数护理人员认为新冠肺炎严重(91.59%)、离自己很近(96.13%)、认为自己很危险(80.64%),将近一半(48.60%)的人因为疫情而过度洗手,小部分人(25.37%)想逃离现在的环境、怀疑自己的职业选择(22.03%)、有辞职的想法(2.94%);创伤后应激障碍阳性验出率高达44.86%,不同参疫部门、所得消息情况、休息情况、是否经历“非典”及有无传染病医护史是疫情期间护理人员是否发生创伤后应激障碍的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:新冠肺炎疫情期间护理人员创伤后应激障碍阳性验出率较高。医院和相关部门应在提供充足防护设备的同时加强护理人员的人文关怀和心理疏导。护理管理者应在做好疫情期间传染病相关知识、技能培训的同时合理安排班次。Objective:To investigate the psychological reaction of nurses during COVID-19 epidemic,to understand the positive rate of PTSD and its influencing factors,to provide scientific basis for the later psychological intervention.Methods:The general data questionnaire,psychological response questionnaire and post-traumatic stress disorder questionnaire(Impact of Event Scale-Revised)were used to investigate the nurses in some hospital of the first grade.Results:There were 749 valid questionnaires,with an effective rate of 97.78%.When receiving negative news about COVID-19 epidemic,330(44.06%)people"do according to message warning"and 93(12.42%)people"delete immediately".The vast majority of nurses considered COVID-19 severe(91.59%),COVID-19 close to them(96.13%),and considered themselves dangerous(80.64%).Nearly half(48.60%)of nurses washed their hands excessively due to the epidemic,and a small number(25.37%)wanted to escape from the current environment,doubted their career choice(22.03%)and had the idea of resigning(2.94%).The positive rate of PTSD for nurses was 44.86%.Different participation situations,information obtained,rest situations,SARS experience or not,and medical history of infectious diseases were the independent influencing factors for the occurrence of PTSD among nurses during COVID-19 epidemic(P<0.05).Conclusion:The positive rate of PTSD was higher among nurses during COVID-19 epidemic.Hospitals and relevant departments should provide sufficient protective equipment and strengthen the humanistic care and psychological guidance for nurses.The nursing managers should arrange the shift reasonably while training the knowledge and skills of infectious diseases during the epidemic.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 护理 创伤后应激障碍 影响因素 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]