热处理对316L奥氏体不锈钢结构、力学和耐腐蚀性能的影响  

Influence of Heat Treatment on the Structure,Mechanics and Corrosion Resistance of 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel

作　　者：党丽[1] Dang Li(Shaanxi Institute of Technology,Xi'an 710300,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西国防工业职业技术学院,西安710300

出　　处：《粘接》2021年第1期46-49,共4页Adhesion

摘　　要：通过热处理改变316L奥氏体不锈钢σ和δ相的体积分数,可以优化气体金属电弧添加剂制造(GMAAM)316L奥氏体不锈钢的力学性能和腐蚀性能。结果表明,1000~1200℃热处理1h对钢中晶粒形貌影响不大,但对σ、δ相含量影响较大。1000℃热处理有效地提高了钢中σ相的含量,使钢的极限强度和屈服强度都有所提高,而弹性模量和屈服强度都有所降低。1100~1200℃的热处理完全消除了σ相,导致极限抗拉强度和屈服强度降低,而弹性模量和屈服强度增加。σ相的强化效果优于δ相,但会降低钢的塑性,增加钢中产生裂纹的可能性。同时,通过热处理限制钢的σ相和δ相的数量,可以提高钢的耐蚀性。与δ相相比,σ相对钢的耐腐蚀性能的影响更大。By changing the volume fraction ofσandδphases of 316L austenitic stainless steel through heat treatment,the mechanical properties and corrosion properties of 316L austenitic stainless steel manufactured by gas metal arc additive(GMA-AM)can be optimized.Results show that the heat treatment at 1000°C to 1200°C for one hour will not obvious influence the morphology of grains in steel but largely influence the contents of σ and δ phases.The heat treatment at 1000°C effectively increases the amount ofσphase in steel,causing both increase of UTS and YS but decrease of El and RA.The heat treatment at 1100°C to 1200°C completely eliminatesσphase,leading to the decrease of UTS and YS but increase of El and RA.Theσphase has better strengthening effect thanδphase,but which may degrade ductility and increase the possibility for cracks generation in steel.Meanwhile,limiting the number of bothσandδphases through heat treatment can improve the corrosion resistance of steel.Andσphase appears more detrimental impact on degradation the corrosion resistance of steel thanδphase.

关 键 词：气体金属电弧添加剂 奥氏体不锈钢 热处理 Σ相 拉伸性能 腐蚀性能 

分 类 号：TG174[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]