海洋打桩锤大型锻件下砧座的近净成形工艺优化  

Optimization on near net forming process for lower anvil of large forgings for marine pile hammer

作　　者：王康 袁海伦 史宇麟 Wang Kang;Yuan Hailun;Shi Yulin(Bejjing Research Institute of Mechanical&Electrical Technology Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China;China Machinery(Jinan)Precision Forming Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250200,China)

机构地区：[1]北京机电研究所有限公司,北京100083 [2]中机(济南)精密成形工程技术有限公司,山东济南250200

出　　处：《锻压技术》2020年第12期15-20,共6页Forging & Stamping Technology

基　　金：泉城“5150”引才倍增计划创新团队(2018002)。

摘　　要：下砧座通常是在大型自由锻造液压机上采用自由锻造成形,再经过机加工的方法进行生产。这种方法的机械加工余量大,并且大量破坏了锻件的金属纤维组织,不能满足高标准的使用要求。为了缩短下砧座的制作工期、提高锻件质量以适应受力复杂的工况,对下砧座进行近净成形技术优化。使用胎模锻工艺成形锥面,这种方法减少了毛坯的加热次数,减少了锻件粗晶的产生。通过运用Deform有限元分析软件模拟两种方法的成形过程,并结合实例,对比了两种成形工艺成形的下砧座锻件的外观与性能。结果表明:下砧座在胎模锻工艺下具有更少的加工余量、更完整的锻造流线,提高了下砧座锻件的力学性能,满足锻件的质量要求。The lower anvil is usually formed by free forging on a large free forging hydraulic press,then produced by machining.This method has a large machining allowance and a large amount of damage to the metal fiber structure of forgings,which cannot meet the high-standard using requirements.In order to shorten the manufacturing period of lower anvil and improve the quality of forgings to adapt to the complex working conditions,the near net forming technology of lower anvil was optimized,and the conical surface was formed by loose tooling forging process to reduce the heating times of blank so as to reduce the generation of coarse grains for forgings.Furthermore,the forming processes of the two methods were simulated by finite element analysis software Deform,and the appearance and performance of lower anvil forgings formed by the two forming processes were compared with practical examples.The results show that the lower anvil has less machining allowance and more complete forging streamline under the loose tooling forging process,which improves the plasticity and mechanical properties of lower anvil forgings and meets the quality requirements of forgings.

关 键 词：下砧座 胎模锻 自由锻 加工余量 有限元模拟 

分 类 号：TG316[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]