低温胁迫下秸秆覆盖对甜菜子叶期幼苗生理指标的影响  

Effects of Straw Covering on Physiological Indexes of Sugar Beet Seedlings in Cotyledon Stage under Low Temperature Stress

作　　者：路正禹 李任任 於丽华[1] 王宇光[1] 耿贵[1] LU Zhengyu;LI Renren;YU Lihua;WANG Yuguang;GENG Gui(College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080;College of Life Sciences,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,哈尔滨150080 [2]黑龙江大学生命科学学院,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《中国糖料》2021年第1期29-35,共7页Sugar Crops of China

基　　金：国家糖料产业技术体系“甜菜种植制度”(CARS-170209);中国博士后科学基金“转录因子BvWRKY74调控甜菜耐盐的分子机制研究”(2020M670944);黑龙江省自然科学基金“转录因子BvWRKY62调控甜菜耐盐性的分子机理研究”(YQ2020037C)资助。

摘　　要：为缓解我国北方低温天气对实际生产的影响,提高甜菜苗期成活率,延长甜菜生育期,通过对甜菜子叶期幼苗进行不同重量的秸秆覆盖,探究低温胁迫下秸秆覆盖与植株生长指标,细胞膜透性、抗氧化酶活性、渗透调节物质含量等生理指标的关系,科学评价秸秆覆盖量对甜菜子叶期幼苗抗低温胁迫的影响。试验结果表明:(1)低温胁迫下,秸秆覆盖可有效降低甜菜子叶期幼苗叶片细胞膜透性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性、脯氨酸含量以及可溶性糖含量;(2)除APX外,各抗氧化酶活性均随秸秆覆盖量增加而降低,其中POD酶活性降低幅度最大;(3)脯氨酸含量和可溶性糖含量均随秸秆覆盖量增加而降低。结论:低温胁迫下秸秆覆盖对甜菜子叶期幼苗有良好防冻效果,秸秆覆盖量越大,其对甜菜幼苗保护能力越强,因此考虑在实际生产中利用秸秆覆盖提高甜菜苗期抗低温胁迫能力。To relieve the effect of low temperature on actual production in northern China,and promote the survival rate of beet seedling stage and prolong the growth period.In this experiment,sugar beet cotyledon seedlings were covered with straw.The effects of straw covering on plant growth index such as cell membrane permeability,antioxidant enzyme activity and osmotic regulator were studied,and the effects of straw covering on tolerance to low temperature of beet seedlings in cotyledon stage were evaluated scientifically.The results showed that under low temperature stress,straw covering effectively reduced cell membrane permeability,malondialdehyde(MDA)content,superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,peroxidase(POD)activity,catalase(CAT)activity,ascorbate peroxidase(APX)activity,proline content and soluble sugar content of sugar beet seedlings.Except for APX,the activity of each antioxidant enzyme decreased with the increase of the weight of covered straw,among which the POD enzyme activity decreased the most.The content of proline and soluble sugar decreased with the increase of the weight of straw.Conclusion:Straw covering relieved the effect of low temperature stress on beet cotyledon seedlings,and the weightier the straw was,the better the protective effect was.Therefore,it is recommended to use straw covering for relieving low temperature stress on sugar beet seedlings.

关 键 词：甜菜 秸秆覆盖 低温胁迫 生理指标 抗氧化酶 渗透调节物质 

分 类 号：S566.3[农业科学—作物学]