二维纳米片用于快速高效膜法气体分离  

Two-dimensional Nanosheets for Ultra-permeable Membrane-Based Gas Separation with High Efficiency

作　　者：宋红玲 彭媛[1,2] 杨维慎 SONG Hongling;PENG Yuan;YANG Weishen(State Key Laboratory of Catalysis,Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Dalian 116023,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大连化学物理研究所,催化基础国家重点实验室,大连116023 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《高等学校化学学报》2021年第1期248-267,共20页Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:21808215,21721004);中国科学院大连化学物理研究所创新基金(批准号:ZZBS201815);兴辽英才计划项目(批准号:XLYC1801004)资助。

摘　　要：膜法气体分离作为一类低能耗先进分离技术,在化工分离中具有广阔的应用前景.然而商业气体分离膜在实际应用过程中存在选择性和渗透性此消彼长的问题.以二维纳米片材料为膜构筑基元,有望突破这一瓶颈.最具代表性的二维纳米片膜材料当属石墨烯及其衍生物、二维沸石分子筛、层状双金属氢氧化物、二维过渡金属硫化物、Mxene、二维共价有机骨架和金属有机骨架材料.本文对这些二维材料在超薄气体分离膜领域的成果与进展进行介绍,展现了各类材料在实际分离应用过程中的优势及弊端,探讨了二维纳米片膜材料在气体分离领域的挑战与发展前景.Membrane-based separation is an advanced technology with significantly low energy consumption,and has enormous potential in industrial separation applications.However,commercial gas separation mem⁃branes are subjected to the trade-off between selectivity and permeability.Membranes constructed with twodimensional(2D)nanosheets as building units hopefully break through this bottleneck.To date,the most rep⁃resentative 2D nanosheet membranes are graphene and its derivatives,2D zeolites,layered double hydroxides,2D transition metal dichalcogenides,2D covalent organic frameworks and metal-organic framework ma⁃terials.In this review,the developments and progresses of these membrane materials in the field of gas separa⁃tion will be introduced,presenting their merits and demerits in the practical separation process simultaneous⁃ly,and the challenges and development prospects of the 2D nanosheet membranes for gas separation applica⁃tions will be discussed.

关 键 词：二维纳米片 超薄膜 气体分离 分子筛 膜结构 

分 类 号：O647[理学—物理化学] TQ028.8[理学—化学]