乙炔选择性加氢催化剂的研究进展  

Progress in catalysts for selective hydrogenation of acetylene

作　　者：黄伟民 周静[1] 徐逸琦 周媛 丰枫[1] 赵佳[1] 张群峰[1] 李小年[1] HUANG Wei-min;ZHOU Jing;XU Yi-qi;ZHOU Yuan;FENG Feng;ZHAO Jia;ZHANG Qun-feng;LI Xiao-nian(Institute of Industrial Catalysis of Zhejiang University of Technology,State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology,Hangzhou 310014,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学工业催化研究所,绿色化学合成技术国家重点实验室培训基地,浙江杭州310014

出　　处：《高校化学工程学报》2020年第6期1339-1353,共15页Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21776258,21406199,21476207,91534113)。

摘　　要：乙烯主要通过石脑油和柴油热裂解制取,乙烯原料气中带有体积分数为0.3%~3%的乙炔,该微量乙炔会毒化乙烯聚合催化剂。工业上通常用选择加氢法将乙炔转化为乙烯,但钯基催化剂一直都存在选择性低、稳定性差等缺点。梳理近几年对乙炔选择性加氢反应及其催化剂的研究,并探讨制备方法、活性组分、助剂和载体对催化剂结构和性能的影响;叙述不同催化剂的制备方法在乙炔加氢反应中的应用,制备方法可以有效改变活性组分的表面物理性质,影响活性组分对乙烯的吸脱附性能。最后,展望了乙炔加氢催化剂未来的研究方向。Ethylene is mainly derived from thermal cracking of naphtha and diesel oil.The feed gas of ethylene usually contains a trace amount of acetylene(about 0.3%to 3%),which would poison catalysts during ethylene polymerization.Selective hydrogenation is often used in industry to convert acetylene to ethylene.However,palladium-based catalysts have problems such as low selectivity and poor stability.This review summarizes current studies on selective hydrogenation of acetylene and its catalysts,and the effects of preparation methods,active components,additives and supports on the structure and performance of the catalysts were discussed.The effects of catalyst preparation methods on the application of acetylene hydrogenation are presented.The preparation methods could effectively change the surface physical properties of the active components and affect the adsorption and desorption capacity of the catalysts for acetylene.Finally,the future development of acetylene hydrogenation catalysts is prospected.

关 键 词：乙炔 乙烯 催化剂 选择性加氢 

分 类 号：TQ465.92[化学工程—制药化工]