304不锈钢激光原位合成自润滑涂层的宽温域摩擦学性能  

Wide temperature range tribological performance of laser in-situ synthesized self-lubricating coating on 304 stainless steel

作　　者：王勉 刘秀波 欧阳春生[1,2] 罗迎社 陈德强[4] WANG Mian;LIU Xiu-bo;OUYANG Chun-sheng;LUO Ying-she;CHEN De-qiang(Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Materials Surface/Interface Science&Technology,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,China;Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Engineering Rheology,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,China;State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication,Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;National United Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Bearing Tribology,Henan University of Science&Technology,Luoyang 471003,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学材料表界面科学与技术湖南省重点实验室,长沙410004 [2]中南林业科技大学工程流变学湖南省重点实验室,长沙410004 [3]中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所固体润滑国家重点实验室,兰州730000 [4]河南科技大学高端轴承摩擦学技术与应用国家地方联合工程实验室,河南洛阳471003

出　　处：《材料工程》2021年第1期133-143,共11页Journal of Materials Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52075559);中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所固体润滑国家重点实验室开放基金(LSL-1802);辽宁省航发材料摩擦学重点实验室开放基金(LKLAMTF202101)。

摘　　要：由于304不锈钢在中、高温下摩擦学性能较差,制约了其在重要摩擦运动副零部件上的应用。为改善304不锈钢的摩擦学性能,以Ni60粉末为增韧相,WS2为合成润滑相的前驱化合物,TiC为高硬度耐磨相,采用高能激光束在其表面原位合成自润滑耐磨复合涂层。利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、显微硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机和探针式材料表面磨痕测量仪表征涂层和基体的物相、微观结构、显微硬度与表面形貌,并系统研究涂层和基体在20,300,600,800℃下的摩擦学性能及其磨损机理。结果表明:涂层主要由Cr0.19Fe0.7Ni0.11,Ti2SC,Fe2C,Cr7C3,CrS和WS2组成;涂层的平均显微硬度(302.0HV0.5)略高于基体(257.2HV0.5),但涂层上部区域的硬度(425.4HV0.5)约为基体的1.65倍;涂层在所有等温摩擦学实验中摩擦因数和磨损率均低于基体,300℃时涂层润滑效果最好,摩擦因数为0.3031,600℃时涂层耐磨效果最好,磨损率为9.699×10^-5 mm^3·N^-1·m^-1。304 stainless steel has poor tribological properties at medium and high temperatures, severely limiting its application to the important frictional motion auxiliary parts. In order to improve the tribological properties of 304 stainless steel,Ni60 powder was used as toughening phase,WS2 acted as precursor for synthetic lubricating phase,TiC used as high-hardness and wear-resistant phase,and high-energy laser beam was used to in-situ synthesize a self-lubricating and anti-wear composite coating on its surface. The phase compositions, microstructure,microhardness and surface topogr-aphies of the coating and substrate were characterized by XRD,SEM,microhardness tester,friction and wear tester and the probe-type surface profilometer, and the tribological properties as well as the corresponding wear mechanisms of the coating and substrate at 20,300,600,800 ℃ were systematically studied. Results indicate that the coating is mainly composed of Cr0.19Fe0.7Ni0.11,Ti2SC,Fe2C,Cr7C3,CrS and WS2. Although the average microhardness of the coating(302.0 HV0.5) is slightly higher than that of the substrate(257.2 HV0.5), the hardness of the upper region of the coating(425.4 HV0.5) is about 1.65 times that of the substrate. The friction coefficients and wear rates of coating are lower than that of the substrate at all the isothermal tribological experiments. The coating possesses the best lubrication effect at 300 ℃ with friction coefficient of 0.3031, and the best wear resistance at 600 ℃ with a wear rate of 9.699×10-5 mm3·N-1·m-1.

关 键 词：304不锈钢 激光原位合成 自润滑 复合涂层 摩擦学性能 

分 类 号：TG174.44[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]