LED光质和日累积光照量对番茄种苗生长及能量利用效率的影响  

Effects of LED spectrum and daily light integral on growth and energy use efficiency of tomato seedlings

作　　者：季方 甘佩典 刘男 贺冬仙[1] 杨珀 Ji Fang;Gan Peidian;Liu Nan;He Dongxian;Yang Po(College of Water Resources&Civil Engineering,China Agricultural University,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment of MOARA,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Lighting Valley Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,农业农村部设施农业工程重点实验室,北京100083 [2]北京盛阳谷科技有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2020年第22期231-238,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“设施种苗生产LED关键技术研究与应用示范”(2017YFB0403901)。

摘　　要：为了提高育苗质量,降低冬春季低温弱光环境对设施种苗优质生产的制约,该研究利用人工光型植物工厂的LED光照与环控技术研究光质和日累积光照量(Daily Light Integral,DLI)对番茄种苗形态建成和生物量累积的影响,通过对光能利用效率(Light Energy Use Efficiency,LUE)和电能利用效率(Electric Energy Use Efficiency,EUE)的实际测试,分析人工光育苗的能耗水平。光质环境以白色荧光灯为对照,选用红蓝比(R∶B)为0.9的白色LED和R∶B为1.2(L1.2)和2.2(L2.2)的白红LED灯具,在DLI为10.1、12.6和15.1 mol/(m^2·d)下培育“丰收”番茄种苗31 d。结果表明:在LED下生长的番茄种苗的壮苗指数、生物量和光合能力均显著优于荧光灯下,增强DLI有利于番茄种苗的形态建成和生物量累积;在L1.2下设置DLI为12.6 mol/(m^2·d)时,番茄种苗的株高、茎粗、叶面积、干质量日均增长量(G值)、壮苗指数、及干/鲜质量都达到最大。番茄种苗在相同光质下的光合能力不受DLI的影响,但在L1.2下的净光合速率最高。利用LED生产番茄种苗的LUE和EUE比在荧光灯下显著提高,当DLI为12.6 mol/(m^2·d)时,L1.2下的该值比荧光灯下分别提高79%和321%。因此,R∶B为1.2的白红LED比其他光质更适合番茄种苗生产,推荐DLI为12.6 mol/(m^2·d)作为番茄设施育苗的光环境调控指标。Low temperature and weak light environment in winter and spring have become major bottlenecks restricting the production of high-quality seedlings in a greenhouse.Compared with conventional seeding production systems,the plant factory with artificial lighting(PFAL)can effectively shorten breeding cycle,while improve seedling quality.However,the high investment cost of infrastructure and power consumption have seriously effects on the commercial production of PFAL.Most previous studies focused on the monochromatic red(R)/blue(B)light or different R:B ratio created by mixture of red and blue lights in the seedling growth,not suitable for the commercial production.In this study,the effects of light quality and daily light integral(DLI)on the morphogenesis and biomass accumulation of tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)seedling were investigated using the LED lighting environmental control in a PFAL,while,the electric energy use efficiency(EUE)and light energy use efficiency(LUE)of a system were evaluated,in order to reduce the electricity cost of a PFAL.Tomato seeds(cv.Fengshou)were sown in the 128-hole tray for 31 days.Four kinds of light sources were set,with the R:B ratio of 0.9 provided by a white LED lamp(L0.9),1.2 and 2.2 provided by a white plus a red LED lamps(L1.2 and L2.2),and 1.8 provided by a white fluorescent lamp(F1.8)(control)along the three levels of DLIs(10.1,12.6,and 15.1 mol/(m^2·d),marked as D10.1,D12.6,and D15.1,respectively).The results indicated that the tomato seedlings grown under LEDs had the higher health index,biomass,and net photosynthetic rate than those under fluorescent lamps.The morphology of tomato seedlings showed remarkable differences among all treatments with the R:B ratio of 1.2.In the L1.2-D12.6 treatment,the seedling height of tomato,stem diameter,total leaf area,average daily growth of dry weight and health index were 16.6 cm,3.7 mm,86.1 cm^2,16.2 mg/d and 12.04,respectively,indicating much higher than those in other treatments.There was no influence of DLI on the photosyn

关 键 词：LED 叶绿素 番茄种苗 光质 日累积光照量 电能利用效率 光能利用效率 

分 类 号：S625.5[农业科学—园艺学]