照顾关系的赋权与重构:基于陕西北村的社会工作实践研究  

Empowerment and Reconstruction of Care Relationship:Social Work Practice Research Based on Beicun,Shannxi Province

作　　者：邓锁[1] 李斐 DENG Suo;LI Fei(Sociology Department,Peiking University,Beijing,100871,China;Qinhuai Social Work Service Center,Xian,Shaanxi,710000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学社会学系,北京100871 [2]陕西秦怀社会工作服务中心,陕西西安710000

出　　处：《社会工作与管理》2021年第1期21-32,共12页Social Work and Management

摘　　要：在城乡人口流动与家庭变迁背景下,残障、贫困与老龄化等问题相互交织,带来可持续减贫及农村发展的挑战。基于陕西北村的研究显示,既有的农村残障康复由医疗模式所主导,社区康复在很大程度上是医疗服务与机构康复在社区中的延伸,并没有充分考虑到家庭照顾困境对残障者康复服务获得及其成效的影响。北村的社会工作实践聚焦于残障者在照顾支持上面临的困境,通过家庭内、家庭之间以及社区三个层次的照顾关系赋权与重构,致力于推动更加全面与持续性的社区康复发展。北村社会工作服务可以被视为一种以关系为本的照顾赋权,它具有伦理敏感、差序层次以及服务整合等本土实践特征。尽管面临着项目化运作的结构性限制,这一实践对城乡家庭变迁背景下的农村社会工作发展仍然有积极启示。Amid drastic rural population flow and family changes,the issues of disability,poverty and aging are often intertwined in rural China,which has become one of major challenge of anti-poverty campaign and rural development.Based on the social work practice research in Beicun,Shaanxi Province,it is found that the current rehabilitation services for the disabled is dominated by the medical model.Community rehabilitation is to a large extent a simple extension of medical services in the community,ignoring the impact of family care deficit on the accessibility and effectiveness of rehabilitation services for the disabled.The social work service of Beicun focuses on the issue of care support for the disabled.Through the empowerment and reconstruction of care relations within the family,between families and community support,the program promotes the development of a more comprehensive and sustainable community rehabilitation.Beicun’s practice can be summarized as a relationship-based care empowerment model,which contains the practical characteristics of ethic sensitivity,differential level of association and service integration.Although it is still faced with the structural constraints as a service program,this practice has good implications for the development of rural social work in the context of urban and rural transformation in China.

关 键 词：照顾 实践研究 赋权 社区康复 农村社会工作 

分 类 号：C916[经济管理]