有限元分析在盆底功能障碍性疾病中使用现状及展望  

作　　者：马瑛[1] 赵烨[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学第一医院妇科,太原030001

出　　处：《妇产与遗传（电子版）》2020年第4期34-39,共6页Obstetrics-Gynecology and Genetics (Electronic Edition)

摘　　要：盆底功能障碍性疾病(pelvic floor dysfunction,PFD)包括盆腔器官脱垂、尿失禁、大便失禁等情况,其发病率逐年上升,现已成为全球性的健康问题,严重影响了女性的身心健康和生活质量。PFD的发生主要是由肛提肌、筋膜、韧带等支持结构损伤引起的。随着盆底结构的三维重建及可视化的发展使得对盆底障碍性疾病的研究开始转向在体盆底结构和功能生物力学方向。女性盆底组织有限元模型的建立是使用医学影像技术和计算机软件技术针对盆底复杂的组织和生物力学变化进行仿真模拟,并系统性观察,以为阐明盆底功能障碍性疾病发病机制提供依据,为盆底肌肉提供力学性能数据,应用有限元分析(finite element analysis,FEA)可以协助医师在临床上为患者制定更为有效的个性化手术方案,优化植入网片的生物学特性,根据个体数据分析为患者提供盆底功能障碍性疾病的预防策略。目前FEA在盆底功能障碍性疾病中的应用仍处于探索阶段,存在局限性,通过各种技术的不断发展、优化,可以使FEA更加精准地反映真实事件,使其最终得以在妇产科领域被广泛应用。Pelvic floor dysfunction(PFD)includes conditions such as pelvic organ prolapse,urinary incontinence,or fecal incontinence.The incidence of PFD increases year by year and has become a global health problem,and has a serious impact on the health and quality of life in women.The PFD occurs due to the damage of levator ani muscle(LAM),endopelvic fascia,and ligaments.With the development of three-dimensional reconstruction and visualization,the study of PFD began to turn to the structural and functional biomechanics of pelvic floor.The finite element model of female pelvic floor tissue is established by using medical imaging technology and computer software technology.The complex tissue and biomechanical changes of pelvic floor are simulated and systematically observed by the finite element model which can provide the basis for elucidating the pathogenesis of PFD,provide mechanical properties data for pelvic floor muscles.Applying finite element analysis(FEA)could help the gynecologist to develop more effective personalized surgical procedures for patients,optimize the biological characteristics of implanted mesh,and provide preventive strategies based on individual data analysis.At present,the application of FEA in PFD is still remains exploration and has limitations,through the continuous development and optimization of various technologies,FEA can respond to real events more accurately,finally be widely used in obstetrics and gynecology.

关 键 词：有限元分析 盆腔器官脱垂 三维模型 肛提肌 

分 类 号：R711.5[医药卫生—妇产科学]