云贵高原台地一次雷暴过程电学特征及降水粒子分布观测分析  

Observation and Analysis of Electrical Characteristics and Precipitation Particle Distribution of One Thunderstorm Process in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau Region

作　　者：曾勇 张小娟 李皓 邹书平[1] 黄海迅 黄钰 ZENG Yong;ZHANG Xiaojuan;LI Hao;ZOU Shuping;HUANG Haixun;HUANG Yu(The Weather Modification Office of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550001,China;Key Laboratory for Cloud Physics of China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081,China;Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Atmospheric Science, Chengdu University of Information & Technology, Chengdu 610225,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省人工影响天气办公室,贵州贵阳550001 [2]中国气象局云雾物理环境重点实验室,北京100081 [3]成都信息工程大学大气科学学院高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室,四川成都610225

出　　处：《防灾科技学院学报》2020年第4期57-67,共11页Journal of Institute of Disaster Prevention

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41875169);中国气象局云雾物理环境重点实验室开放课题(2018Z01602);贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2019]2387号);贵州省气象局科研业务项目(黔气科登[2020]02-01号)。

摘　　要：利用X波段双线偏振雷达资料、大气电场资料和VLF/LF三维闪电定位资料,对发生在云贵高原台地一次雷暴过程电学特征进行分析,基于模糊逻辑法对云内降水粒子进行反演,并探讨了雷暴电荷结构与降水粒子之间关系。结果表明:(1)雷暴在发展、成熟阶段均为三极性电荷结构,在雷暴云底部存在一定范围正电荷区。云闪主要发生在下部正电荷区与上部负电荷区之间,通过云闪辐射源极性的高度分布可以了解雷暴电荷结构的垂直分布。(2)在雷暴云的发展和成熟阶段,雷暴云内不同粒子分布高度存在一定差异,霰粒子和冰晶的演变特征与雷暴发展、成熟阶段对应比较一致,霰粒子和冰晶粒子的演变与雷暴的起电存在密切关系。(3)从不同粒子的垂直分布特征可以观察到雷暴云下部正电荷区的强弱最有可能是由霰粒子的数量多少决定,霰-冰晶起电机制可以较好解释此次雷暴云所形成的三极性电荷结构。(4)VLF./LF三维闪电定位系统探测到的云闪辐射源信息对雷暴云电荷区的大致分布具有一定指示作用,需要在今后深入挖掘云闪信息,为雷暴电荷结构研究提供支撑。Using X band dual line polarization radar data,atmospheric electric field data and VLF/LF three-dimensional lightning localization data,we analyzed the electrical characteristics of a thunderstorm process occurring in the platform of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau.We also inverted precipitation particles in the cloud based on the fuzzy logic method,and discussed the relationship between thunderstorm charge structure and precipitation particles.The results show that:(1)The thunderstorm takes the tripole charge structure in both development and maturity stages,and there exists a certain range of positive charge region at the bottom of thunderstorm cloud.The cloud flash mainly occurs between the lower positive charge region and the middle negative charge region,and the vertical distribution of the thunderstorm charge structure can be understood by the height distribution of the cloud flash radiation source polarity.(2)In the development and maturity stages of thunderstorm,there are some differences in the distribution height of different particles in thunderstorm cloud,the evolution characteristic of graupel particles and ice crystals are consistent with the development and maturity stages of thunderstorm,and the evolution of graupel particle and ice crystal particle is closely related to the electrification of thunderstorm.(3)It can be observed from the vertical distribution characteristics of different particles that the strength of the positive charge region in the lower part of the thunderstorm cloud is most likely determined by the number of graupel particle,and the graupel-ice charging mechanism can better interpret the formation of the tripole charge structure of thunderstorm.(4)The cloud flash source information detected by the VLF./LF three-dimensional lightning location system has a certain indication on the general distribution of the thunderstorm cloud charge region,and it is necessary to dig deep into the cloud flash information in the future to provide support for the thunderstorm charge structure research

关 键 词：雷暴云 大气电场 模糊逻辑法 电荷结构 起电机制 

分 类 号：P427.32[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]