基于动态价格的网约车高峰压力缓解机制研究  

Research on Relieving Mechanism of Peak Pressure for Ride-hailing Vehicles Based on Dynamic Price

作　　者：夏宇[1] 朱俊武[1] 姜艺[1,2] XIA Yu;ZHU Junwu;JIANG Yi(School of Information Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225127;State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学信息工程学院,扬州225127 [2]上海交通大学海洋工程国家重点实验室,上海200240

出　　处：《计算机与数字工程》2020年第12期2912-2918,共7页Computer & Digital Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:61872313);海洋工程国家重点实验室开放课题(编号:1907);江苏省教育信息化重点课题(编号:20180012);扬州科技计划项目(编号:YZ2018209,Grant YZ2019133)资助。

摘　　要：网约车不同于传统出租车行业的,可预约且更便利,逐渐成为人们日常出行的重要方式。现有网约车平台大多在用车高峰阶段采用阶梯型价格函数搭配加价机制,乘客在同一时间内的用车成本相同,无法吸引兼职司机提供运力,交易量和租乘成功率相对较低。论文提出一种动态定价策略,通过增加兼职司机的运力和减少价格敏感用户订单的数量,增加平台在运力紧张时期的订单成交量,明显缓解了平台在运力紧张时期的运力压力,提高了用户满意度。通过实验对价格函数进行模拟,得到最优定价下的最优需求和最优供给,验证了论文提出的动态定价机制对缓解网约车高峰期运力压力的有效性。Different from the traditional taxi industry,online ride-hailing is more convenient and can be booked,and it has gradually become an important way for people to travel daily.Most of the existing ride-hailing platforms adopt the tiered price func⁃tion and price increase mechanism during the peak period.Passengers have the same car cost at the same time,so they are unable to attract part-time drivers to provide transport capacity,and the transaction volume and the success rate of passenger rental are rela⁃tively low.This paper proposes a dynamic pricing strategy.By increasing the capacity of part-time drivers and reducing the number of orders placed by price-sensitive users,the order turnover of the platform during the period of capacity strain is increased,which significantly alleviates the capacity pressure of the platform during the period of capacity strain and improves user satisfaction.By simulating the price function through experiments,the optimal demand and supply under optimal pricing are obtained,and the ef⁃fectiveness of the dynamic pricing mechanism proposed in this paper to alleviate the load pressure of ride-hailing vehicles during peak periods is verified.

关 键 词：动态定价 运力 订单量 用户满意度 

分 类 号：TP301.6[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]