Optimization of water and nitrogen management for surge-root irrigated apple trees in the Loess Plateau of China  

作　　者：DAI Zhi-guang FEI Liang-jun ZENG Jian HUANG De-liang LIU Teng 

机构地区：[1]nstitute of Water Resources Research,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048,P.R.China [2]School of Hydraulic and Ecological Engineering,Nanchang Institute of Technology,Nanchang 330099,P.R.China

出　　处：《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》2021年第1期260-273,共14页农业科学学报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC0400204);the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51479161 and 51279157);the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province of China (20192BAB216037)。

摘　　要：The Loess Plateau is one of the main regions for growing apple trees in China, but a shortage of water resources and low utilization of nitrogen have restricted its agricultural development. A 2-year field experiment was conducted which included three levels of soil water content(SWC), 90–75%, 75–60%, and 60–45% of field capacity, and five levels of nitrogen application(N(app)), 0.7, 0.6, 0.5, 0.4 and 0.3 kg/plant. The treatments were arranged in a strip-plot design with complete randomized blocks with three replications. For both years, the water and N(app) had significant(P<0.05) effects on leaf area index(LAI), yield, water use efficiency(WUE) and nitrogen partial factor productivity(NPFP) while the interaction effect of water and N(app) on yield, WUE and NPFP was significant(P<0.05) in 2018, and not in 2017. For the same SWC level, WUE first increased, then decreased as N(app) increased, while NPFP tended to decrease, but the trend of LAI with different N(app) was closely related to SWC. At the same N(app), the LAI increased as SWC increased, while the WUE and NPFP first increased, then decreased, but the yield showed different trends as the SWC increased. The dualistic and quadric regression equations of water and N(app) indicate that the yield, WUE and NPFP cannot reach the maximum at the same time. Considering the coupling effects of water and N(app) on yield, WUE and NPFP in 2017 and 2018, the SWC level shall be controlled in 75–60% of field capacity and the N(app) is 0.45 kg/plant, which can be as the suitable strategy of water and N(app) management for the maximum comprehensive benefits of yield, WUE and NPFP for apple trees in the Loess Plateau and other regions with similar environments.

关 键 词：surge-root irrigation yield water use efficiency nitrogen partial factor productivity 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]