大学生何种能力助推创业绩效的提升?——来自中国高校大学生创新创业能力监测调查的证据  

Research on the Impact of Undergraduates’ Entrepreneurial Capabilities on Entrepreneurial Profits

作　　者：杨峰[1] 曲绍卫[2] YANG Feng;QU Shao-wei(Archives of University of Science and Technology Beijing;School of Law and Humanities,University of Science and Technology Beijing)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学档案馆 [2]北京科技大学教育经济与管理研究所

出　　处：《教育经济评论》2020年第5期81-91,共11页China Economics of Education Review

摘　　要：大学生是建设创新型国家的主力军,这一群体的知识优势、竞争意识、科学精神和创新能力,在相当程度上决定着创新型国家的建设进程。然而,取得创业成功并非易事。创业能力是关键变量。在创业教育大力推进的新形势下,普通高校大学生有关创业的思想观念已经发生了很大变化,那么这一群体的创业能力如何?大学生不同维度的创业能力在提升创业绩效中发挥着怎样的作用?本文通过创业绩效来验证大学生成功创业者不同维度能力的创业贡献程度,样本数据来自2019年我国实际创业的普通高校本科生的抽样调查,筛选出2040份本科生成功创业者的有效样本,着重对其自身所具备的创业能力和创业绩效进行深入研究,构建定序逻辑斯特回归模型,探究不同维度创业能力对企业绩效的影响程度。研究发现:资本运作能力、市场风险防范能力对创业绩效有显著的促进作用,战略规划与实施能力也有较大促进作用,而机遇判断与把握能力、组织设计与团队管理能力、沟通协调与文化建设能力和技术转化与应用能力等对创业绩效没有显著影响。Entrepreneurial ability is the human capital reserve that undergraduates need to possess in general universities.This ability is of vital importance for entrepreneurs to obtain higher economic benefits.The results of entrepreneurship education are manifested in two aspects:entrepreneurial ability generation and entrepreneurial economic performance output.Entrepreneurial ability is the key to generating economic benefits,and entrepreneurial economic performance is the objective manifestation of entrepreneurial ability.This article uses entrepreneurial profits to verify the degree of entrepreneurial contribution of successful entrepreneurial entrepreneurs in different dimensions.The sample data comes from a sample survey of undergraduates from ordinary colleges and universities in China that actually started business in 2019.It conducts in-depth research on its own entrepreneurial capabilities and entrepreneurial profits,constructs an optimal Ordered logistic model,and explores the impact of entrepreneurial capabilities in different dimensions on corporate profits.

关 键 词：高校大学生 创业能力 创业绩效 

分 类 号：G647.38[文化科学—高等教育学]