晚清时期河南淮河流域治灾赈济中的奖惩措施——以水灾为中心  

The Rewards and Punishments for Disaster Relief of the Huaihe River Basin in Henan in the Late Qing Dynasty:Focusing on Floods

作　　者：朱正业[1] 杨立红 ZHU Zheng-ye;YANG Li-hong(History Department,Anhui University,Hefei 230039;Institute of Marxism,Anhui University of Chinese Medicine,Hefei 230012)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学历史系,安徽合肥230039 [2]安徽中医药大学马克思主义学院,安徽合肥230012

出　　处：《阜阳师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第6期1-6,共6页Journal of Fuyang Normal University：Social Science

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“民国时期淮河流域灾害文献搜集、整理与数据库建设”(18ZDA196)。

摘　　要：晚清时期,河南淮河流域水灾频繁且又严重,为提高治灾赈济的实效,各级政府采取赏罚分明的奖惩措施。从奖惩对象看,既有河道官员,也有地方政府官员,既有兵弁,也有民间绅商,对河道官员以惩罚为主,对地方政府官员奖惩结合,对兵弁、绅商以奖励为主;从奖励办法看,包括奖励和抚恤,既有物质奖励,也有精神褒奖;从惩罚办法看,既有摘去顶戴、革职处分,也有枷示、发配等较重判罚.灵活多样的奖惩措施,有效地发挥了激励与控制的双重功效。In the late Qing Dynasty,floods in the Huaihe River Basin in Henan were frequent and serious.In order to improve the effectiveness of disaster relief governments at all levels adopted clear rewards and punishments.From the point of view of the objects of rewards and punishments,there are both river officials and local government officials.There are both soldiers and gentry merchants.Punishment is the main method for river officials,combined with rewards and punishments for local government officials,and rewards for soldiers and gentry merchants.From the point of view of reward methods,including rewards and pensions,there are both material rewards and spiritual rewards;from the point of view of punishment methods,there are punishments such as removal of Dingdai and dismissal,as well as heavier penalties such as shackles and distribution.Flexible and diverse reward and punishment measures have effectively played the dual effects of incentive and control.

关 键 词：晚清时期 河南淮河流域 治灾赈济 奖惩措施 

分 类 号：K24[历史地理—历史学]