云南高原湖泊洱海水资源量的研究  

Study on the Water Volume of Erhai Lake in Yunnan Plateau

作　　者：李红燕[1] LI Hongyan(Dali Branch of Yunnan Hydrology and Water Resources Bureau,Dali 671000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省水文水资源局大理分局,云南大理671000

出　　处：《人民珠江》2021年第1期46-52,72,共8页Pearl River

摘　　要：根据1956—2018年洱海流域内实测流量、降水量、蒸发量以及出湖流量等水文要素的监测成果,利用流域产汇流原理及水量平衡原理等2种相关方法计算出洱海天然水资源量,并采用Manner-Kendall法和小波分析法对洱海历年天然水资源量进行趋势性和周期性研究。结果表明:2种方法计算的洱海多年天然水资源量较为接近,相对误差为0.5%,洱海多年天然水资源量8.519亿m 3,其中湖区多年产水量为-0.932亿m 3,陆地多年水资源量9.449亿m 3(北部(a)>西部(b)>东南部(c)>东部(d),依次占陆地水资源量的54.9%、33.2%、6.9%、4.9%);洱海全年、汛期、枯期的天然水资源量随时间呈减少趋势,汛期下降趋势显著;洱海历年天然水资源量存在9、12、21、32年左右的周期变化,其主导着洱海天然水资源量的丰枯变化趋势。Based on the monitoring results of hydrological factors such as measured discharge,precipitation,evaporation and outflow in the Erhai Lake Basin from 1956 to 2018,this paper calculates the natural water volume of the Erhai Lake by using two related methods,namely the principle of watershed generation and convergence and the water balance,and studies the trend and periodicity of natural water volume in Erhai Lake over the years through the Manner-Kendall method and wavelet analysis method.The results show that:The natural water volume calculated by the two methods in Erhai Lake for many years is relatively close,with the relative error of 0.5%,that is 851.9 million cubic meters,among which the water production in the lake area is-93.2 million cubic meters,and the water volume of the land is 944.9 million cubic meters(north(a)>west(b)>southeast(c)>east(d),accounting for 54.9%,33.2%,6.9%,and 4.9%of the land water volume,respectively);The natural water volume in the Erhai Lake throughout the year,the flood season,and the dry season show a decreasing trend with time,especially in the flood season;There are periodic changes in the water volume around 9,12,21,and 32 a,which led to the trend of rich and dry changes in the natural water volume of Erhai Lake.

关 键 词：水资源量 趋势性 周期性 高原湖泊 洱海 

分 类 号：TV213.3[水利工程—水文学及水资源]