苯选择加氢制环己烯在钌基催化体系中的技术进展  

Technical progress of selective hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene in ruthenium-based catalytic system

作　　者：席楠 程春晖 李红伟[1] 董鹏[1] 郭鹏 季东[1] XI Nan;CHENG Chunhui;LI Hongwei;DONG Peng;GUO Peng;JI Dong(College of Petrochemical Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学石油化工学院,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《精细化工》2020年第12期2457-2466,共10页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21666019);甘肃省自然科学基金(18JR3RA143);甘肃省科技支撑项目(1604GKCD026)。

摘　　要：苯选择加氢是获取高产量环己烯的最佳途径,但该反应极易导致苯的过度加氢生成副产物环己烷,使得环己烯的选择性普遍不高。钌(Ru)是苯选择加氢的高效催化活性中心,Ru活性位的活泼程度及其在载体上的分散性与稳定性很大程度决定了环己烯的选择性和收率。同时,在反应过程中各种添加剂,如酸、碱、盐体系所带来的环境污染和强腐蚀性问题严重地限制了Ru基催化剂在工业上的大规模应用。因此,研究Ru基催化剂上选择加氢活性中心形成机制与制备参数之间的关系,以及在不损失反应性能的前提下寻找更简单、更绿色的催化体系代替传统工艺颇为关键。该文介绍了苯选择加氢合成环己烯的发展历程、反应工艺技术、Ru基催化剂的反应体系组成以及反应机理。最后,指出苯选择加氢制备环己烯研究重点。Selective hydrogenation of benzene is the best way to obtain high yield cyclohexene,but it can easily lead to excessive hydrogenation of benzene to generate by-product cyclohexane,making cyclohexene’s selectivity generally low.Ruthenium(Ru)is a highly efficient catalytic active center for the selective hydrogenation of benzene.The activity degree of Ru active site and its dispersion and stability on the carrier determine the selectivity and yield of cyclohexene.At the same time,environmental pollution and strong corrosion caused by various additives,acids,alkalis,and salt systems during the reaction severely limit the large-scale industrial application of Ru-based catalysts.Therefore,it is crucial to study the relationship between the mechanism of selective hydrogenation active centers and the preparation parameters on Ru-based catalysts,and to find a simpler and greener catalytic system to replace the traditional process without loss of reaction performance.The development history and reaction technology of selective hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene and the reaction system composition and reaction mechanism of Ru-based catalysts are introduced.Finally,the research emphasis on selective hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene is pointed out.

关 键 词：苯 环己烯 选择加氢 Ru基催化剂 苯周转频率 

分 类 号：TQ241.1[化学工程—有机化工]