枪击案件中子弹化学检验方法研究  

Studys on Bullet Chemical Identification Method in Shooting Cases

作　　者：杨安安 郭洪玲[2] 杨瑞琴[1] YANG Anan;GUO Hongling;YANG Ruiqin(School of Investigation,People s Public Security University of China,Beijing 100038,China;Institute of Forensic Science,Ministry of Public Security,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民公安大学侦查学院,北京100038 [2]公安部物证鉴定中心微量物证处,北京100038

出　　处：《中国人民公安大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第4期86-93,共8页Journal of People’s Public Security University of China(Science and Technology)

基　　金：公安部物证鉴定中心基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2020JB012)。

摘　　要：涉枪案件中对子弹进行化学成分分析,获得其常量及微量元素、铅同位素比值等信息,对物证间比对检验和子弹的溯源具有重要意义。总结1969年以来法庭科学领域多种用于检验子弹元素组成及铅同位素比值的化学方法及其应用,重点阐述元素分析法及铅同位素比值测量法在子弹检验中的发展历程及研究成果,分析目前国内外子弹数据库建设现状,并用扫描电镜/能谱法对33份子弹弹壳内壁附着的残留金属颗粒进行检验。检验结果显示,不同厂家、不同批次样本之间差异较为明显,反映出近60年以来国产子弹外壳材料及填充火药的发展历史。In shooting cases,it is very important to analyze the chemical composition of bullets or its fragments to obtain their constant and trace elements,lead isotope ratios and other information for the comparison between physical evidence and the traceability of bullets.Variety of chemical methods used to test the elemental composition and lead isotope ratios of bullets in forensic science since 1969 are outlined in this paper,which also focus on the development of elemental analysis and lead isotope ratios measurement methods in identifying bullets,and analyzed the current status of bullet database construction.The residual metal particles attached to the inner wall of thirty three bullet warhead shell were tested by scanning electron microscope energy dispersive X-ray(SEM-EDX).Results show that the difference between samples from different manufacturers and different batches is obvious,which can roughly reflect the development history of domestic bullet materials and filler powder in the past sixty years.

关 键 词：子弹 铅同位素 微量元素 扫描电镜/能谱法 数据库 

分 类 号：D918.9[政治法律—法学]