羟基磷灰石的制备及对Pb^2+的选择性吸附  

Preparation of hydroxyapatite and its selective adsorption of Pb^2+

作　　者：李丹[1] 秦冬玲[1] 杨刚[1] LI Dan;QIN Dongling;YANG Gang(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China)

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学材料化学工程国家重点实验室,江苏南京211800

出　　处：《南京工业大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第1期52-57,共6页Journal of Nanjing Tech University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：江苏省产学研前瞻性联合研究(BY2016005-11)。

摘　　要：为了提高对Pb^2+的吸附选择性及吸附量,采用共沉淀法,以CaCl2和(NH4)2HPO4为原料、葡萄糖碱性溶液为反应介质,制得羟基磷灰石(Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2,HAP)。采用X线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、纳米粒度仪、物理吸附仪对样品进行表征,并考察HAP对Pb^2+的最优吸附条件和在Pb^2+和Cd^2+混合溶液中HAP对Pb^2+的吸附选择性。结果表明:制备的HAP呈细小的颗粒状,粒径均匀分布,平均粒径为220 nm左右,结晶度较差;将HAP样品在600℃马弗炉中煅烧2 h后,样品结晶度变大,但吸附效果远低于未煅烧的样品,因此选择未煅烧的样品作为吸附剂。在HAP用量为0.1 g/L、pH=6、温度为30℃、Pb^2+初始质量浓度为140.3 mg/L、饱和吸附时间为60 min的条件下,HAP对Pb^2+的吸附量达到1412 mg/g左右;在Pb^2+和Cd^2+混合溶液(Pb^2+初始质量浓度为70.8 mg/L,Cd^2+初始质量浓度为83 mg/L)中,HAP对Pb^2+的吸附量是Cd^2+吸附量的2.26倍,对Pb^2+的选择性系数达到1961.73。To improve the selectivity and adsorption capacity of Pb^2+,hydroxyapatite(Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2,HAP)was prepared by coprecipitation using CaCl2 and(NH4)2HPO4 as raw materials,and glucose alkaline solution as reaction medium.The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),nanoparticle size analyzer and physical adsorbent.The optimum adsorption conditions for Pb^2+and the adsorption selectivity of Pb^2+in mixed solution of Pb^2+and Cd^2+were studied.Results showed that the prepared HAP had fine granular shape,uniform particle diameter of around 220 nm,and poor crystallinity.After calcining the sample in muffle furnace at 600℃for 2 h,the crystallinity of the sample increased,but the adsorption effect was much lower than that of the uncalcined sample.Thus,the uncalcined sample was chosen as the adsorbent.When HAP dosage was 0.1 g/L,pH=6,temperature was 30℃,initial mass concentration of Pb^2+was 140.3 mg/L and saturation adsorption time was 60 min,the adsorption capacity of HAP to Pb^2+reacheed about 1412 mg/g.In the mixed solution of Pb^2+and Cd^2+(initial mass concentration of Pb^2+was 70.8 mg/L,and initial mass concentration of Cd^2+was 83 mg/L),the adsorption capacity of HAP for Pb^2+was 2.26 times than that of Cd^2+,and the selectivity coefficient for Pb^2+reached 1961.73.

关 键 词：PB^2+ CD^2+ 羟基磷灰石 选择性吸附 重金属离子废水 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程]