湖南铁心杉解剖特征及其物理力学性质研究  

Wood Anatomical Characteristics and Physical-mechanical Properties of Dark-brown Heart Cunningham lanceolate from Hunan

作　　者：张勰[1] 彭俊懿 石江涛 徐清乾[1] 许忠坤[1] 黄帆[1] Zhang Xie;Peng Junyi;Shi Jiangtao;Xu Qingqian;Xu Zhongkun;Huang Fan(Hunan Academy of Forestry,Changsha Hunan 410004,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Nanjing Jiangsu 210037,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省林业科学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]南京林业大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《西南林业大学学报（自然科学）》2021年第1期155-160,共6页Journal of Southwest Forestry University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：湖南省科技重大专项(2017NK1010)资助;“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0600301)资助。

摘　　要：以82年生湖南铁心杉木材为对象,研究其主要解剖特征、物理力学性质,评估其木材品质。结果表明:铁心杉平均年轮宽度1.1 mm,心材率可达60.7%,管胞平均长度和宽度分别为3 182μm和41.93μm,长宽比为75.04;细胞壁层平均微纤丝角为13.18°;基本密度为0.432 g/cm3,气干密度为0.509 g/cm3;铁心杉具有较小的全干干缩率和湿胀率,其顺纹抗压强度、木材抗弯强度和抗弯弹性模量分别为69.13、106.34 MPa和9.69 GPa。铁心杉木材为高强度等级,木材品质系数显著高于常见珍贵建筑结构装饰用材树种。构造特征的径向变化规律说明铁心杉的幼龄材与成熟材界定树龄为15~20 a。Eighty two years dark-brown heart Cunningham lanceolate from Hunan Province was selected and the anatomy, physical and mechanical properties were investigated, then the wood quality was also assessed. The results showed that mean growth ring width and heart wood ratio were 1.1 mm and 60.7%. The average tracheid length and width were 3 182 μm and 41.93 μm, and the ratio of length to width was 75.04. The mean microfiber angle in wood cell wall was 13.18°. Basic density and air-dried density of dark-brown heart C. lanceolate were0.432 g/cm3 and 0.509 g/cm3, respectively. Dark-brown heart C. lanceolate showed relatively lower shrinkage and swelling than other reported softwood. The compression strength parallel to the grain, static bending strength and bending modulus of elastic were 69.13, 106.34 MPa and 9.69 GPa, respectively. Dark-brown heart C. lanceolate could been classified into high strength grade and showed significant higher wood quality coefficient than other common precious wood species used in architectural structure and decoration. Radial patterns of wood anatomy suggested that the boundary between the juvenile and mature wood of dark-brown heart C. lanceolate was at the age of 15-20 years.

关 键 词：铁心杉 基本密度 干缩率 湿胀率 解剖特征 顺纹抗压强度 

分 类 号：S781[农业科学—木材科学与技术]