高原鼠兔长鸣鸣声分析及行为学观察  

Analysis and Observation of behavior in plateau pika

作　　者：华铣泽 周睿[1] 叶国辉 花蕊 包达尔罕 唐庄生 花立民[1] HUA Xian-ze;ZHOU Rui;YE Guo-hui;HUA Rui;BAO Daerhan;TANG Zhuang-sheng;HUA Li-min(College of Grassland Science,Gansu Agricultural University/Key Laboratory for Grassland Ecos ystem of Ministry of Education/Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province/Sino-U.S.Centers for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/甘肃省草业工程实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2020年第6期1-9,共9页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：科技部重点研发计划(2017YFC0504803);甘肃省重点研发计划(17YF1NA059)。

摘　　要：长鸣是雄性高原鼠兔雄性个体特有的鸣声,且与其繁殖有关。研究高原鼠兔长鸣的声学特征及其行为对于理解其繁殖策略有重要意义。2018年3~5月,采用数码录音笔连接指向性话筒与数码摄像机同时记录的方法,在甘南州玛曲县河曲马场录制了7只雄性高原鼠兔的长鸣鸣声及其行为,利用语音分析软件Wavesurfer对所录制的长鸣进行分析,结合其长鸣行为将繁殖期雄性高原鼠兔长鸣分为示警鸣声、求偶鸣声和领域鸣声,并获取了3种鸣声的音节间隔时间、音节持续时间、主频、语谱图。研究发现:(1)雄性高原鼠兔的长鸣具有30种音节型;(2)雄性高原鼠兔的长鸣具有较强的复杂性;(3)领域鸣声和求偶鸣声具有相似的声学特征。Long call is a peculiar type of sound uttered by male plateau pika and it is related to its reproduction.It is important to understand its reproductive strategy by studying the acoustic characteristics and behavior of plateau pika.In this study,we used a digital recorder with directional microphone and video camera to record the long call and behavior of seven male plateau pikas simultaneously in Maqu County,Ganan Tibetan autonomous prefecture,during March to May in 2018;used the voice analysis software Wavesurfer to analyze the recorded long calls,and according to the behavior of the long calls,they were divided into alarm calls,mating calls,and defense calls,meanwhile the syllable interval,syllable duration,main frequency,and spectrogram of these long calls were obtained.The results showed:(1)There were 30 syllables in the long calls sounded by male plateau pika;(2)The long call of male plateau pikas had a strong complexity;(3)The mating calls and defense calls had the similar acoustic characteristics.

关 键 词：高原鼠兔 长鸣声 行为 

分 类 号：S442.9[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] Q959.837[农业科学—植物保护]