基于多目标速度剖面的航空器滑行路径规划  

Aircraft taxiing path planning based on multi-target speed profile

作　　者：李楠[1] 孙瑜 焦庆宇 高峥 LI Nan;SUN Yu;JIAO Qingyu;GAO Zheng(College of Air Traffic Management,CAUC,Tianjin 300300,China;Tianjin Air Traffic Management Bureau,CAAC,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学空中交通管理学院,天津300300 [2]中国民用航空局天津空管分局,天津300300

出　　处：《飞行力学》2020年第6期87-94,共8页Flight Dynamics

基　　金：国家重点研发项目资助(2016YFB0502405);国家自然科学基金资助(71801215);中国民航环境与可持续发展研究中心(智库)开放基金资助(CESCA2019Y04)。

摘　　要：传统的滑行路径规划研究大多假设航空器匀速滑行,并基于滑行时间最短进行建模优化,虽便于求解,但未考虑航空器转弯时速度剖面的变化,且航空器最优滑行时间并不一定带来最优滑行油耗。首先,综合考虑了航空器的滑行距离、滑行中转弯次数因素,建立了以场面滑行总距离最短为目标的航空器路径规划模型,采用改进的A*算法求得P条最短路径。在此基础上,建立了考虑时间和油耗的多目标速度剖面模型,采用启发式搜索为每条路径生成精确的速度剖面,获得航空器滑行4D轨迹。结果表明:与未考虑转弯次数因素的传统优化方法相比,航空器总的滑行距离和转弯次数大幅减少;通过权衡滑行时间及油耗,为航空器滑行路径生成一组帕累托最优的速度剖面,具有较高的实际应用价值,有望在以后航空器场面实时空管决策中应用。Most of the traditional taxiing paths planning studies assume that the aircraft is in uniform speed, and build the model based on the shortest taxiing time. Although it is easy to solve, but it does not consider the change of the speed profile when the aircraft turns, and the optimal taxiing time of the aircraft does not necessarily bring the optimal taxiing fuel consumption. In this paper, the aircraft’s taxiing distance and the number of turns on the taxiing path were considered. The aircraft path planning model with the shortest total distance as the goal was established. The improved A~* algorithm was used to obtain the shortest path set. Based on this, considering time and fuel consumption, the multi-target velocity profile model was established, a heuristic search was used to generate an accurate velocity profile for each path to obtain a 4 D trajectory of the aircraft. The results show that, compared with the traditional optimization method without considering the turning times, the total taxiing distance and the number of turnings are greatly reduced. By balancing the taxiing time and fuel consumption, a set of Pareto optimal velocity profiles is generated for the aircraft taxiing path. It has a high practical application value and is expected to be applied in the real-time air traffic control decision on the airport surface in the future.

关 键 词：滑行时间 滑行油耗 速度剖面 4D轨迹 

分 类 号：V249[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]