辽宁古生物博物馆馆藏孔子鸟标本统计及胸骨形态描述  

Statistics of confuciusornithid specimens from Paleontological Museum of Liaoning and description of sternum

作　　者：李莉[1] 候世林 王晶琦 于佳 LI Li;HOU Shilin;WANG Jingqi;YU Jia(College of Paleontology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学古生物学院,沈阳110034

出　　处：《沈阳师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第6期553-558,共6页Journal of Shenyang Normal University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅科学研究经费项目(LJC201901)。

摘　　要：孔子鸟生活在1.20亿~1.31亿年前左右,迄今发现的化石数量可达上千件,是目前发现化石数量最多的原始鸟类。主要对辽宁古生物博物馆馆藏的51件孔子鸟化石做一个综合性的整理,包括产地、保存状况信息的详细记录,并针对标本胸骨进行观察和描述。其中,胸骨保存状态良好,形态清晰的有11件,包括结构简单、无明显龙骨突的;结构稍复杂,后部可见龙骨突,长大于宽的;还有结构较复杂,龙骨突明显贯彻整个胸骨,并出现侧突的。而无胸骨或保存不完整的有40件,初步推测胸骨缺失可能与其骨片厚、连接结构不发育有关,显示其原始性。研究可为分析原始鸟类的演化和灭绝提供一定的借鉴。Confuciusornithids lived about 120~131 Ma years ago,which were the largest number of primitive birds found so far and thousands of fossil specimens have been discovered.51 fossils of Confuciusornithids kept in the museum were arranged comprehensively and some information on these fossils is documented in detail including the locality,preservation status in this paper.The sternums of Confuciusornithids were observed and described.There are 11 specimens that are preserved with sternums in good status and the shapes are clear among all items.These specimens include items with simple structured sternums without obvious carina sterni;slightly complex structured stermums with carina sterni existing on rear part and length is greater than width;and more complex structured sternums with obvious carina sterni existing on whole sternum and with lateral process.There are 40 specimens preserved without sternums or with incomplete sternums,which infers preliminarily that the absence of sternum might be related to the thick bone slice and undeveloped articulated structure,and all the features reveal the primitiveness of Confuciusornithids.Reference material can be provided for the evolution and extinction of primitive birds in this paper.

关 键 词：孔子鸟 原始鸟类 胸骨 辽宁古生物博物馆 

分 类 号：Q915.865[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]