美国基层医疗卫生机构的医疗责任豁免制度及对我国的启示  

The FTCA Malpractice Immunity Program of American Primary Medical Institutions and Its Inspiration for China

作　　者：马勇[1] 张晓林[1] 张晶[1] 马春晓[1] MA Yong(School of Public Health and Management,Weifang Medical University,Weifang,Shandong,261053,China)

机构地区：[1]潍坊医学院管理学院,山东潍坊261053

出　　处：《医学与社会》2021年第1期124-129,共6页Medicine and Society

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金资助项目,编号为19YJC820043;山东省社会科学普及应用研究资助项目,编号为2019-SKZZ-30。

摘　　要：我国立法和政策尚未就公共卫生服务、基本医疗服务体系中的风险防控、责任划分作出系统性规定。基层医疗卫生机构的风险防控能力亟需强化。美国《联邦侵权赔偿法》中的医疗责任豁免制度立足于政策上的灵活性,具有风险防控与责任豁免结合、国家责任和私法责任共生、政策与立法有效互动等特点,这些特点为我国相关制度的完善提供了有益的参考。我国应当从风险防控机制、国家责任保障机制等方面确保基层医疗卫生机构的健康发展。China's legislation and policies have not yet made systematic regulations on the risk prevention and control and the division of responsibilities in the public health service and basic medical service system.The risk prevention and control capabilities of primary medical and health institutions urgently need to be strengthened.The medical liability immunity system in the US"Federal Tort Compensation Act"is based on policy flexibility.It has the characteristics of combining risk prevention and control with liability immunity,symbiosis of state responsibility and private law responsibility,and effective interaction between policy and legislation.These features provide a useful reference are relevant to our country.China should ensure the healthy development of the basic medical and health system in terms of risk prevention and control mechanisms and national responsibility guarantee mechanisms.

关 键 词：医疗责任豁免制度 公共卫生服务 医疗风险防控 美国 

分 类 号：R19-019[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]