鼻出血312例诊治分析  

Analysis of 312 patients with epistaxis

作　　者：杨彩荣[1] 刘宏建[1] 王广科[1] YANG Cai-rong;LIU Hong-jian;WANG Guang-ke(Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Henan Provincial People’s Hospital,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,郑州450003

出　　处：《医药论坛杂志》2020年第12期54-56,共3页Journal of Medical Forum

摘　　要：目的鼻出血是耳鼻喉科常见急诊,鼻出血的诊疗是每个耳鼻喉科医生必须熟练掌握的诊疗技术,自2017年1月至2018年12月河南省人民医院急诊耳鼻喉科共诊治鼻出血312例,现对312例鼻出血进行回顾性分析,总结诊治经验,以期对刚踏入临床工作岗位的耳鼻喉科医师及规培医师有所帮助。方法分析并总结312例鼻出血患者的发病情况、诊断和治疗方案,统计鼻出血患者的伴随疾病。结果312例鼻出血患者中,78例同时患有高血压病,占鼻出血病例25.00%;62例正在服用抗血小板聚集药物,占总病例数19.87%;218例发生在秋冬季节,占69.87%;296例行前鼻孔填塞即成功止血,占95.51%;行后鼻孔填塞并住院治疗者16例,占5.13%。结论鼻出血在秋冬季节高发;高血压及长期抗血小板药物治疗已经成为鼻出血的危险因素;20%~25%鼻出血患者同时伴随其他全身疾病;前鼻孔填塞仍是急诊鼻出血主要的治疗方法,并且效果良好。5%鼻出血患者需要施行后鼻孔填塞止血并住院治疗。Objective Epistaxis is a common emergency disease of otolaryngology.The diagnosis and treatment methods of epistaxis must be mastered by every ENT doctor.312 patients who suffured from epistaxis were treated by the doctors in depament of emergency otolaryngology in our hospital from January 2017 to December 2018.Now the 312 patients were studied retrospectively and the diagnosis and treatment methods were summarized.We expected to supply some help for the beginners of ENT doctors.Methods To analysis the incidence,diagnosis and treatment methods of 312 patients with epistaxis.Results Among 312 patients with epistaxis,78 patients suffured from hypertension simultaneously.It accounted for 25.00%of the total.62 patients were taking antiplatelet drugs.It accounted for 19.87%.218 patients nose bleeding occurred in autumn and winter.It accounted for 69.87%of the total.296 patients nose bleeding were stopped by anterior packing.It accounted for 95.51%.16 patients were treated by posterior packing and were hospitalized.It accounted for 5.13%.Conclusion The occurrence of spontaneous epistaxis was related to climatic variables.There was a high incidence in autumn and winter.Hypertensionand the antiplatelet long-term drug therapy have become risk factors of epistaxis.20%~25%epistaxis patients of the total were accompanied with other diseases.Anterior packing was the most common primary and effective treatment method.5%epistaxis patients of the total were treated by posterior packing and were hospitalized.

关 键 词：鼻出血 发病情况 伴随疾病 诊断 治疗 

分 类 号：R765.56[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]