燃煤电厂烟气新型CO2吸收剂开发与工程应用  

Development and engineering application of new absorption solvent for CO2 capture from flue gas of coal-fired power plant

作　　者：王金意[1] 牛红伟[1] 刘练波[1] 郭东方 郜时旺 WANG Jinyi;NIU Hongwei;LIU Lianbo;GUO Dongfang;GAO Shiwang(Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 102209,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of CO2 Capture and Process,Beijing 102209,China)

机构地区：[1]中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司,北京102209 [2]二氧化碳捕集与处理北京市重点实验室,北京102209

出　　处：《热力发电》2021年第1期54-61,共8页Thermal Power Generation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFE0100100,2016YFE0102500);天津市科技计划项目(19ZXNCGX00030)。

摘　　要：化学吸收法是目前燃煤电厂CO2捕集中最成熟和最具规模化应用潜力的技术,但该技术能耗和成本较高,吸收剂的革新是CO2捕集技术性能提升的关键之一。本文从电厂烟气特点出发,结合对有机醇胺类吸收剂不同单体特性的分析和比较,优化设计了混合胺吸收剂的配方,利用实验室气液反应平衡和反应焓一体化测试,筛选出优选配方HNC-5吸收剂,吸收反应焓较乙醇胺(MEA)低约20%,且吸收速率更快。真实烟气条件下1000 t/a CO2捕集中试装置测试表明,HNC-5性能指标与实验室测试结果一致,CO2捕集率高于90%,而再生热耗较MEA降低20%左右。12万t/a CO2捕集示范系统连续运行结果表明,运行期间HNC-5再生热耗1 t CO2约2.8 GJ,1 t CO2捕集成本降低约63元,吸收剂使用寿命更长,更有利于提高捕集系统的可用性和可靠性。Chemical absorption is the most mature technology and has the most large-scale application potential in current CO2 capture technologies for coal-fired power plants.However,the main obstacle of its commercial application is the high cost and high energy consumption,innovation of new absorption solvent is one of the keys to the performance improvement.Based on the characteristics of flue gas and combined with the characteristics of different monomers of organic amine absorbers,the formula of blended amines are developed.Through true-heat flow calorimetric test combined with vapor-liquid equilibrium test,HNC-5 absorbent is selected,of which the enthalpy of absorption reaction is about 20%lower than of the ethanolamine(MEA)and the absorption rate is higher.The test on a 1000 t/a CO2 capture pilot plant under real flue gas conditions shows that,the performance indexes of HNC-5 are consistent with the lab test results.The CO2 capture rate is higher than 90%,and the heat consumption during regeneration reduces by about 20%compared with the MEA.The continuous operation results of the 120000 t/a CO2 capture unit show that,for per ton CO2 captured,the heat consumption of regeneration of HNC-5 is about 2.8 GJ,and the capture cost reduces by about 63 yuan,the usage life becomes longer,which is helpful to improving the system availability and reliability.

关 键 词：CO2捕集 燃煤烟气 再生热耗 捕集率 吸收剂 反应焓 有机醇胺 

分 类 号：TK09[动力工程及工程热物理]