接地电阻对高塔引雷能力影响的模拟试验研究及放电观测  

Discharge Process Observation and Experiment of the Influence of the Grounding Resistance on Triggered Lightning Abilities of High Tower

作　　者：王羽[1] 黄强[1,2] 彭向阳 王锐 邓冶强 文豹 WANG Yu;HUANG Qiang;PENG Xiangyang;WANG Rui;DENG Yeqiang;WEN Bao(School of Electrical Engineering and Automation,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Yangzhou Power Supply Company,State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Company,Yangzhou 225009,China;Electric Power Research Institute of Guangdong Power Grid Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510080,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学电气与自动化学院,武汉430072 [2]国网江苏省供电公司扬州供电公司,扬州225009 [3]广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院,广州510080

出　　处：《高电压技术》2020年第12期4211-4219,共9页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：广东电网公司科技项目(GDKJXM20162136)。

摘　　要：为了研究引雷塔的引雷能力与其接地电阻大小的关系,将引雷塔按照1:12.5的缩小比例制作模型塔,采用标准负极性操作波对模型塔进行大量的放电试验,试验过程中引雷塔模型分别经过10?和100?的电阻进行接地,采用升降法获取了间隙50%放电电压,并对放电过程进行观测。试验结果表明:引雷塔的引雷能力与接地电阻的大小呈负相关关系:接地电阻越小,引雷塔的引雷能力就越强。在单塔间隙放电试验中,同一空间尺度下,接有10?和100?接地电阻的引雷塔上、下行先导发展尺度的比值H的差值△H随着试验间隙距离的增加而增加,变化范围为0.59%~3.29%;在双塔选择性放电试验中,接有100?接地电阻的引雷塔较接有10?电阻的引雷塔在塔顶的先导起始时间tstr和间隙平均击穿时间tn分别上升了3.34%和4.71%。该试验结果表明引雷塔接地性能对其引雷能力有影响,适当降低引雷塔的接地电阻会增强其引雷能力。In order to study the relationship between the triggering lightning ability of a triggering lightning tower with grounding resistance, numerous discharge experiments with standard switching impulse were conducted on the triggering lightning tower which was scaled with a ratio of 1:12.5, and the high tower was connected to the test grounding system through 10 ? and 100 ? resistors. An up-and-down method was adopted for 50% discharge voltage. The discharge process was observed by a high-speed camera. The experimental results show that the grounding resistance is negatively correlated with the triggering lighting ability, namely, the triggering lightning ability of a high tower is stronger when the grounding resistance is lower. At the same spatial scale, the difference value of H, which is the ratio of the upward and downward leader, is increased with test gap distance, and the variation range of the difference ΔH is 0.59%~3.29%. In the double-tower selective discharge tests, the high tower connected with 100 ? grounding resistance in tstr and tn rises by 3.34% and 4.71% compared to that connected with 10 ?, respectively. Thus the experimental results reveal that the triggering lightning ability will be influenced by the grounding performance of triggering lighting tower, and the triggering lightning ability of high tower will be enhanced by reducing the grounding resistance appropriately.

关 键 词：引雷塔 引雷能力 接地电阻 升降法 缩比试验 迎面先导 

分 类 号：TM863[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]