基于智能聚类算法的UHF法变电站空间多源局部放电定位方法  

Location Method of Multiple Partial Discharges Sources in Substation Space by UHF Method Based on Intelligent Clustering Algorithm

作　　者：吴诗优 郑书生[1] 钟爱旭 戴雯菊 Sajeelbin Sohail WU Shiyou;ZHENG Shusheng;ZHONG Aixu;DAI Wenju;Sajeelbin Sohail(State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources,North China Electric Power Univer-sity,Beijing 102206,China;Guiyang Power Supply Bureau,Guizhou Power Grid Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学新能源电力系统国家重点实验室,北京102206 [2]贵州电网有限责任公司贵阳供电局,贵阳550001

出　　处：《高电压技术》2020年第12期4309-4318,共10页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金(3192037);中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金(2017MS008);国家重点研发计划(2016YFB0900800)。

摘　　要：基于特高频法(ultra high frequency, UHF)的变电站内局部放电定位技术已获得应用,但目前研究主要集中在单源(单局放源)定位,对于多源定位的问题缺乏探索。该文研究了聚类算法在多源局放定位中的应用,首先,综合阈值法与能量累积函数法计算双、三源UHF信号到达时间差,采集时间差数据用于聚类分析;将常用的K-mean聚类算法与Twostep算法进行聚类对比,结果表明后者平均误差相比前者低18.7%,基于Twostep算法以及2维高斯正态分布的思想提出了适用于单、多源的3σ-Two step算法,相比Two step算法平均误差低22.5%。其次,在实验室内将改进的算法应用于多源局放的定位测试,利用不动点迭代法求解局放源坐标,定位结果表明:经过多次测试求得定位误差的平均值,双源2组测试的每点误差分别为0.34 m、0.49 m,两源之间距离增大2.62 m,误差减小了30.6%,三源每点误差为0.72 m;将双源与传感器之间的距离增大1倍,平均每点定位误差为0.46 m,相比未增大双源与传感器的距离误差增大了35.3%。最后,将此算法和设备应用在福州新建变电站,经过多次测试定位到一处支柱绝缘子电晕放电,在一处隔离开关定位到偶发性的放电,每点定位误差在0.6~2.2m范围内,相比实验室定位精度更低但依然满足实际要求,验证了算法的有效性。The partial discharge(PD) location technology in substations based on ultra high frequency(UHF) method has been extensively applied, however, the current research mainly focuses on single source location, and there is a lack of exploration of the problem of multi-source PDs location. Consequently, we investigated the application of clustering algorithm in multi-source PDs location. First, the time difference of arrival(TDOA) of two and three sources UHF signals was calculated by combining the threshold method and the energy accumulation function method, and the data were collected for clustering analysis. Compared the commonly used K-mean clustering algorithm with the Two-step clustering algorithm, the average error of the latter was 18.7% lower than that of the former. Therefore, based on the Two-step algorithm, a 3σ-Two step algorithm suitable for single and multiple sources PD was proposed according to the idea of two-dimensional Gaussian normal distribution. Compared with the Two step algorithm, the average error is 22.5% lower. Secondly, the improved algorithm was applied to the positioning test of multi-source PD, and the Stable Point Iteration method was used to solve the coordinates of the PD sources. The laboratory location results show that, the average error is obtained after multiple positioning tests, the error of each point of the two-source of two group tests are 0.34 m and 0.49 m, the error of each point of the three-source is 0.72 m, the distance between the two sources increases by 2.62 m, and location error is reduced by 30.6%. When the distance between the dual source and the sensor is doubled, the average positioning error of each point is 0.46 m, and increases by 35.3% compared with the case of not increasing the distance between the double source and the sensor. Finally, the algorithm and equipment were applied to a substation in Fuzhou.After tests for many times, a corona discharge on a pillar insulator conld be located, an occasional discharge could be located at an isolating switch, and

关 键 词：UHF法 变电站 局部放电 定位 K-mean 3σ-Two step 

分 类 号：TM63[电气工程—电力系统及自动化] TM855