跑台运动对自发性高血压大鼠下丘脑室旁核神经递质及nNOS表达的影响  

Effects of exercise on the neurotransmitters and nNOS expression in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus in spontaneously hypertensive rats

作　　者：刘国纯 蒋科 毛敏[2] Liu Guochun;Jiang Ke;Mao Min(Chongqing Medical University College of Sports Mediceine,Chongqing 400331;Chongqing Medical University Department of Cardiology,the First Affiliated Hospital,Chongqing 400016,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学体育医学学院,重庆400331 [2]重庆医科大学附属第一医院心内科,重庆400016

出　　处：《神经解剖学杂志》2020年第6期659-664,共6页Chinese Journal of Neuroanatomy

基　　金：重庆医科大学哲学社会科学重点课题(201729)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨跑台运动影响自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)血压的可能机制。方法:将22只雄性SHR大鼠随机分为高血压对照组(SHR+C)及高血压运动组(SHR+E),同时将11只Wistar-Kyoto大鼠作为正常血压组(WKY)。然后SHR+E组大鼠进行12周跑台运动(60 min/d,5 d/周)。运动结束后,利用无创血压测量仪测量大鼠尾动脉血压;用高效液相色谱-电化学法(HPLC-EC)检测大鼠下丘脑室旁核(PVN)中神经递质谷氨酸(Glu)及γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)的含量,利用免疫组织化学染色检测大鼠PVN中神经元型一氧化氮合酶(nNOS)的表达。结果:与WKY组大鼠相比,6月龄SHR+C组大鼠收缩压(SPB)及舒张压(DBP)明显升高(P<0.05),PVN组织Glu水平增加(P<0.05),GABA水平下降(P<0.05),PVN区nNOS阳性细胞平均光密度(MOD)显著下降(P<0.05)。而12周跑台运动可显著降低SHR+E组大鼠SBP及DBP(P<0.05),PVN组织Glu水平下降,GABA水平增加(P<0.05),PVN区nNOS阳性细胞MOD显著增加(P<0.05)。结论:长期跑台运动可以降低SHR大鼠血压,其机制可能与此运动激活SHR大鼠PVN区nNOS/NO信号通路,恢复PVN中兴奋性和抑制性神经递质的平衡、改善自主神经功能紊乱有关。Objetive: Explore the possible mechanism of treadmill exercise on blood pressure in the spontaneously hypertensive rats( SHR). Methods: Twenty-two SHR rats were randomly allocated into two groups: SHR control group( SHR + C) and SHR exercise group( SHR + E),and 11 Wistar-Kyoto( WKY) were used as the normal blood pressure group( WKY). Rats in SHR + E group were submitted to 12 weeks of erobic exercise( 60 min/d,5 sessions/week).After treadmill exercise,caudal artery blood pressure was measured by non-invasive blood pressuretester. The glutamic( Glu) and gamma-aminobutyric acid( GABA) levels in paraventricular nucleus( PVN) were measured by using HPLCEC. Neuronal nitric oxide synthase( n NOS) expression in PVN was detected by immunohisto-chemistry. Results: Compared with the WKY group,the systolic blood pressure( SBP) and diastolic blood pressure( DBP) of rats in SHR + C group significantly increased( P < 0. 05),Glu level increased( P < 0. 05),GABA level decreased( P < 0. 05) in PVN;the mean optical density( MOD) of PVN n NOS significantly decreased( P < 0. 05) in the 6 month old SHR + C group rats. Treatment of SHR + E group rats with 12 week exercise lowered SBP and DBP( P < 0. 05),Glu level decreased( P < 0. 05),GABA level increased( P < 0. 05) in PVN and the MOD of PVN n NOS increased in SHR + E group rats when compared with SHR + C groups. Conclusion: The treadmill exercise may decrease the SBP and DBP of the SHR rats,its possible mechanism might be that treadmill exercise activate PVN n NOS/NO signaling pathway,restore the balance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters in PVN and improve the autonomic nervous dysfunction.

关 键 词：高血压 跑台运动 神经元型一氧化氮合酶 神经递质 下丘脑室旁核 大鼠 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]