青海卡而却卡铜多金属矿床矿石矿物化学成分特征研究  

Study of chemical composition characteristics of ore mineral in the Kaerqueka copper-polymetal deposit, Qinghai Province

作　　者：于娟 易立文 谢炳庚[1,2] 李晓青[1,2] 鲁安怀[3] 谷湘平[3] 曹丽 刘程爱 张淼 YU Juan;YI Liwen;XIE Binggeng;LI Xiaoqing;LU Anhuai;GU Xiangping;CAO Li;LIU Cheng’ai;ZHANG Miao(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081;Hunan Key Laboratory of geospatial Big Data Mining and Application,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081;College of Geosciences and Info-Physics,Central South University,Changsha 410083)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院,长沙410081 [2]湖南师范大学地理空间大数据挖掘与应用湖南省重点实验室,长沙410081 [3]中南大学地球科学与信息物理学院,长沙410083

出　　处：《地质学报》2020年第12期3776-3789,共14页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(编号19C1178);中南大学有色金属成矿预测与地质环境监测教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(编号2019YSJS07);国家重点研发计划(编号2019YFC1805900)联合资助成果。

摘　　要：卡而却卡铜多金属矿床是祁漫塔格成矿带最重要的一个矿床,该矿床分为A、B、C三个矿区,成矿以铜、铅、锌为主,伴有铁、钼、金、银等矿化。本文主要分析卡而却卡铜多金属矿床黄铜矿、黄铁矿、磁铁矿、闪锌矿与斑铜矿共5种主要矿石矿物的化学成分特征,利用A、B、C三个矿区黄铜矿S元素含量,黄铜矿(Fe+Cu)/S比值(平均值分别为1.93、1.82、1.8),黄铁矿Co/Ni值(平均值分别为5.43、3.89、1.06),闪锌矿中Fe含量以及Zn/Cd比值(B区和C区Zn/Cd比值在177.84~488.13之间),结合前人流体包裹体测温结果表明卡而却卡矿床成矿温度存在A区>B区>C区,其中B区7号脉>8号脉>4号脉的特征,A区成矿于中高温环境;B区、C区早期形成于中高温,晚期形成于中温环境。依据卡而却卡A、B、C三个矿区的成矿环境和矿床地质特征,通过黄铁矿Co、Ni、As元素含量特征、闪锌矿中Cd、Zn、Mn、Fe元素含量特征,认为卡而却卡矿床A区具有受岩浆热液控制的斑岩型铜矿床成因特征,B区和C区为矽卡岩型矿床成因特征。The Kaerqueka copper-polymetal deposit is one of the most important copper polymetallic deposits in the Qimantage metallogenic belt. This deposit is divided into three mining areas: A, B and C. This polymetallic deposit is mainly composed of copper, lead and zinc, accompanied by iron, gold and silver mineralization. In this paper, the chemical composition characteristics of chalcopyrite, pyrite, magnetite, sphalerite and bornite are analyzed. Based on S element content and(Fe+Cu)/S ratio(mean values are 1.93, 1.82, 1.8, respectively) of chalcopyrite, Co/Ni value(mean values are 5.43, 3.89, 1.06, respectively) of pyrite, Fe content and Zn/Cd ratio(area B and area C have Zn/Cd ratio between 177.84~488.13) of sphalerite. Combined with the characteristics of pre-induced fluid inclusion temperature measurement, the mineralization temperature of Kaerqueka deposit was determined as zone A>zone B>zone C, in which zone B no.7 vein>no.8 vein>no.4 vein. Zone A was mineralized in medium-high temperature environment, and zone B and C were formed in the early stage of middle and high temperature and in the late stage of middle temperature. Using Co, Ni, As element characteristics in pyrite, Cd, Zn, Mn and Fe element characteristics in sphalerite, combined with the metallogenic environment of mining area(areas A, B, C), and geological characteristics of ore deposits, it is shown that area A of the Kaerqueka deposit has the genetic characteristics of porphyry copper deposit controlled by magmatic hydrothermal fluid;and area B and C have the genetic characteristics of skarn deposit.

关 键 词：矿物标型特征 成矿温度 成矿类型 电子探针 卡而却卡矿床 

分 类 号：P618.2[天文地球—矿床学]